基于重力卫星数据监测全球质量变化的三维加速度点质量模型法

One of the hot topics in Geodesy and Geophysics is to detect global surface mass change by using gravity satellite measurement. There are many advantages of satellite gravity measurement, such as the ability of global data coverage and periodically repeated observation, the highly consistent of accuracy of observations in time and space, and difficult impacted by geographical scope and political or culture. However, there are many disadvantages of current approaches used to detect global surface mass change from gravity satellite observations. The de-striping ability of current approaches is limited, and spatial and temporal resolution of surface mass change is difficult improved, and more important is that the difficulty to process the signal leakage problem. In order to solve the above problems, the three-dimensional acceleration point-mass modeling approach, which used to detect global surface mass change from gravity satellite measurement based on the Newton’s law of gravitational in the three dimensional Cartesian coordinate, is further developed and improved in this research. This study focus on the load deformation separation methods in the three-dimensional acceleration point-mass modeling approach. The temporal-spatial constraint equation and regularization techniques are used to smooth or filter the north-south stripes noise and to regularize the ill-posed problem of downward continuation. At the same time, the effect of signal leakage error will be evaluated. The spatial and temporal resolution of surface mass variations calculated by three-dimensional acceleration point-mass modeling approach could be efficient improved.

利用卫星重力测量手段监测地球质量变化是目前大地测量学与地球物理学等相关学科的研究热点之一。卫星重力测量具有数据全球覆盖和周期性重复观测的能力，观测数据的精度在时间和空间上具有高度一致性，且不易受地理环境和政治文化的限制等诸多优势。但目前利用重力卫星观测数据监测地球质量变化的方法还存在诸多问题，主要表现为去条带噪声能力有限，地表质量变化的时空分辨率难以提升，信号泄漏问题难以有效处理等。针对这些问题，本项目进一步发展和完善根据牛顿万有引力定律发展的基于重力卫星观测数据监测地表质量变化的三维加速度点质量模型法。重点研究三维加速度点质量模型法负荷形变分离方法，采用时空约束方程和正则化技术处理条带误差和向下延拓的不适定问题，并评估信号泄漏误差的影响，相关研究可进一步提升重力卫星数据监测地表质量变化的时空分辨率。

利用卫星重力测量手段监测地球质量变化是目前大地测量学与地球物理学等相关学科的研究热点之一。针对目前利用重力卫星观测数据监测地球质量变化的方法存在的诸多问题，本项目进一步发展和完善根据牛顿万有引力定律发展的基于重力卫星观测数据监测地表质量变化的三维加速度点质量模型法，重点研究三维加速度点质量模型法负荷形变分离方法，采用时空约束方程和正则化技术处理条带误差和向下延拓的不适定问题，并评估信号泄漏误差的影响。基于传统动力学法和重力卫星实测数据计算了近20年的月时变重力场模型，模型精度达到了国际官方机构同等水平。利用时变重力场模型和三维加速度点质量模型法对我国华北平原和云贵高原的陆地质量变化进行分析，结果表明三维加速度点质量模型法能有效提升重力卫星监测地表质量变化的分辨率，减少信号泄露误差的影响。上述相关研究可进一步提升重力卫星数据监测地表质量变化的时空分辨率，为我国发展自主重力卫星提供借鉴。