宁夏回族生态移民社区生活空间的演化机理与协调机制研究

One of the new topics in the sustainable development of cities and communities is to explore the quality of social (community) life space from the perspective of Neo-humanism and the concept of fairness and justice. . Ecological migration projects policy implemented by Ningxia has made great progress in reducing poverty and protecting the environment, but the migration community planning that put too much emphasis on economic leads to the collapse of the polysemy life space of the original community, which may increase the possibility of spatial conflict and steric repulsion between different ethnic groups, and also may easily cause much psychological conflict and other social problems. This research chooses Ningxia typical ecological immigrant communities as the study case, taking the neighborhood and the neighborhood resettlement area as the basic unit, using the spatial analysis and the structural equation method, the analysis framework of two vector construction will be set up. This research aims to explore the evolution law and dynamic integration between Han neighborhood structure and religious unit of the Hui migrants, through the analysis of the dynamic relocation of the elements relating to environment society economy and culture before and after, and the structure features and cognitive system of comparative analysis. From the prospective of space vector, the recombinant structural elements of combinatorial optimization and the relationship between the ecological immigration of Hui local identity, life style, religious life and neighborhood relations will be analyzed, so as to build the optimization of life space in Hui ecological migrant community based on the quality evaluation index system under the concept of fairness and justice, and then，the coordination mechanism and fair allocation model of Hui ecological immigrant will be proposed .The results of this study are expected to reveal the evolution and reconstruction of the migrant life space under the influence of many factors, such as social cultural and religious factors. In practice, it is helpful to correct the bias of the ecological migration policy and strengthen the sustainability of the planning and construction of the migrant community.

从新人本主义和公平正义理念下探讨（社区）生活空间质量是城市及社区可持续研究的新课题之一。课题选取宁夏典型回族生态移民社区，以移民区邻里和街坊为基本单元，采用空间分析和结构方程方法，构建时空两个向量的分析框架，从时间向量上，通过对搬迁前后回族生态移民社区生活空间的自然-社会-文化-宗教等多要素构成特征与认知体系的对比分析，探索回族宗教街坊结构与汉族邻里区单元整合作用下的回族移民多义生活空间融合规律与动态演化机理。从空间向量上，分析回族生态移民的地方认同、生活方式、宗教生活及邻里关系的结构要素组合关系，以此构建人本导向与公平正义观下的回族生态移民社区生活空间质量优化评价指标体系，提出回族生态移民生活空间重构的协调机制及公平配置模式。研究成果有望揭示社会文化宗教多因素影响下的移民生活空间演化机理与重构规律,丰富社区规划理论。实践上有助于纠正生态移民政策的导向偏颇，增强移民社区规划建设的可持续性。

课题选取宁夏典型生态移民社区，以移民区邻里和街坊为基本单元，通过对搬迁前后生态移民社区生活空间的自然-社会-文化等多要素构成特征与认知体系的对比分析，引入影响生态移民生活空间的生态-社会-文化-经济的潜在变量，构建生态移民生活空间演化机理的地理探测器模型，探究生态移民街坊结构与邻里区融合共同作用下的生活空间感知行为规律和形成机理。从空间向量上，重点探究了宁夏闽宁镇生态移民社区空间动态演化类型、结构特征及影响因素。以此构建人本导向与公平正义观下的生态移民社区生活空间质量优化评价指标体系并对典型社区进行了实证评价，提出生态移民生活空间重构的协调机制及公平配置模式。结果发现：①生态移民社区主要存在增长、融合、延续、新生等空间动态演化类型，演化特征总体表现为由零散到集中，由不规则到规则几何图形，演化过程处于正向演化状态且符合中国民族分布特点；②影响生态移民社区生活空间的因子解释力由大到小依次排序为：X1生活基础设施>X2经济收入增长>X3邻里关系>X4政府政策>X5民族生活>X6移民社区环境，各因素共同促进生态移民社区固有的生活方式、文化习惯、社会交往关系的演化，进而形成了生活空间的融合与重构。③搬迁前，自然环境主导生产方式，亲缘关系主导社会网络，生产方式主导生活方式，地理环境影响文化水平；移民后，生活居住范围变大，生产劳动由务农转向务工且劳动时间更加有序，通勤半径增加且通勤方式多样，购物类型和频次增多且购物范围圈层化，社交娱乐时间增多且娱乐方式更加丰富，社交对象打破亲缘和族缘限制向多元化转变，意识上更重视教育。④生态移民社区空间生活质量整体大幅提高，但公共服务、家庭生活、文化教育、社会生活和社会保障等关键二级指标因素是生活空间质量提升的关键因素。研究成果揭示社会文化多因素影响下的移民生活空间演化机理与重构规律,丰富社区规划理论。实践上有助于纠正生态移民政策的导向偏颇，增强移民社区规划建设的可持续性。