基于多探头球面近场测量近远场变换算法的研究

Multi-probe near-field sphere measurement is a fast and efficient means of passive antenna measurement. The most difficult thing is reducing testing time and improve testing accuracy at the same time. In this project, the two algorithms, spherical expansion method and matrix scattering method, which are commonly used in spherical near-far field transformation, are studied. Meanwhile, according to the error introduced by the probe, the probe compensation scheme is proposed, so as to find a new method which can improve the testing speed and keep the test precision. Then the algorithm is applied to the multi-probe near-field measurement of the spherical surface, and the algorithm is modified in combination with the data measured in testing environment, which provides theoretical support and reference for the development of multi-probe spherical near-field measurement technology.

多探头球面近场测量作为一种快速、高效的无源天线测量手段，其核心和难点在于测试速度和精度的同时保证。本项目从球面近远场变换算法出发，对球面近远场变换中常用的两种算法，球模式展开法和矩阵散射法进行研究，同时针对探头引入的误差，提出多探头球面近场测量的探头补偿方案，从而寻求一种既能提高测试速度又能保持测试精度的球面近远场转换算法，最后将算法应用到多探头球面近场测量中，并且结合实测环境对算法进行修正，为推动多探头球面近场测量技术的发展提供理论支撑与参考。

针对多探头球面近场测量系统的测试精度和测试速度问题，本项目基于现有球面近场测量理论，结合传统的单探头球面近场测量的研究成果，在测试速度、测试精度及探头补偿方面做了相应的研究，提出了基于球面波的二维插值等算法，提高近场数据完整性，提高了近远场转换的精度；提出了三次样条插值、降低球面波展开阶数恢复初始相位等算法，降低采样量，提高球面近场测试速度；分析探头物理位置切向及径向误差，提出基于泰勒级数校正方法；分析了探头电磁耦合，提出了适用于宽频双极化天线探头的补偿方案，并进行了实测验证方案的可行性。本项目研究成果为大孔径天线的近场测试技术发展提供了理论支撑与参考。