高转矩密度永磁调速节能技术理论研究

Energy saving and environmental protection are the very important and unshakable strategic policies to promote economic and social development in China. The energy-saving potential of motor drive systems is enormous, and very conductive to environmental protection. This project aims to study the theory and key technologies of the permanent magnet adjustable speed energy saving technique applicable to the motor drive systems for large power fan and pump loads. An in-depth study of the energy conversion mechanism of the permanent magnet variable speed technique will be performed, and a derivation of the equivalent circuit reflecting the power transmission and the loss will be conducted. The new magnetic circuit topologies for the disk and the cylindrical structures will be proposed to substantially increase torque density. An equivalent rotation magnetic field method will be innovationally proposed to analyze the eddy current field due to rotation permanent magnet with the finite element method, and the electrical parameters will thus be accurately calculated. The fast computation technology for the mechanical properties and variable speed characteristics will be mastered. The temperature fields under different work conditions will also be analyzed by the finite element method to determine the effective and advanced cooling schemes with air and water respectively. Using the multi-objective electromagnetic optimization design, and with the lightweight optimization design combined with high stiffness, stability and reliability, it is expected to increase the torque density, reduce the moment of inertia, achieve lightweight. The integrated servo control system design and a new experimental method for testing the complete mechanical properties will be proposed. A solid theoretical and technical basis for the promotion and industrial application of the permanent magnet adjustable speed energy saving technique will be conquered by this project.

节能环保是我国促进经济社会发展不可动摇的重大战略方针。电机驱动系统的节能潜力巨大，且十分有利于环境保护。本项目致力于适用于大功率风机泵类负载电机驱动系统的永磁调速节能新技术的理论与关键技术研究。深入研究永磁调速技术的能量转换机理，推导直观反映功率传递和及其损耗的等效电路。提出能够大幅提高转矩密度的盘式和筒式磁路拓扑新结构，创新性地提出旋转永磁涡流场有限元分析的等效旋转磁场新方法，进而准确计算电气参数，掌握机械特性和调速特性的快速计算技术。对不同工况的温度场进行有限元分析，给出先进有效风冷和水冷冷却方案。通过多目标电磁优化设计，以及结合高刚度、稳定性和可靠性的综合轻量化优化设计，提高转矩密度，减小转动惯量，实现轻量化。完成集成伺服控制系统设计，提出完整机械特性的实验测试新方法。本项目的开展将为永磁调速节能技术的发展与推广应用提供坚实的理论与技术基础。

永磁调速是基于电磁滑差调速原理并利用高性能永磁材料实现的一种新型电机驱动系统调速节能技术，在电力工业、石油化工、矿山等行业得到了初步应用，获得了良好的节能效果，其给出应用前景十分广阔。.本项目针对面贴式和内置式永磁转子结构、开槽和非开槽式导体转子结构组合而成的四种典型结构筒式永磁调速器，建立其解析模型，通过有限元方法验证其基本电磁特性的解析预测结果。通过对永磁调速器设计理论及其在线调磁技术的深入研究，基于交替极结构永磁转子提出了机械调磁和混合励磁型永磁调速器，基于内置式结构永磁转子提出了平移非旋转调磁环型永磁调速器，解决了传统永磁调速节能技术中轴向平移高速转子难度较大的问题。提出了高效功率回馈型永磁调速器，解决了传统永磁调速节能技术高滑差工况下效率较低的问题，大大改善了泵和风机调速系统的节能效果。基于电磁场解析模型，给出了永磁调速器电磁参数和电磁特性的快速计算技术，掌握了电磁优化设计方法。基于等效磁路法建立了新型永磁调速器的解析模型，可以快速分析其电磁特性及结构参数敏感度。另外，本项目还对聚磁式永磁涡流耦合器、双层标准鼠笼转子高转矩密度永磁调速器进行了初步研究；鉴于特殊场合的应用，也初探了轴向磁通平移非旋转调磁环型永磁调速器的电磁特性。为了提高永磁调速器的设计效率，本项目还针对其电磁优化设计软件进行开发与完善。在现有的研究工作基础上，项目组与相关企业达成产学研合作以研究无刷型永磁调速节能技术，将进一步提高系统的可靠性，进而促进该项技术的工程应用。.本项目按研究计划进行实施，达到了预期的研究目标，取得了丰硕的成果，已发表学术论文8篇（SCI收录5篇，EI收录8篇），授权发明专利5项，该研究方向上培养2名博士生和3名硕士生。本项目工作丰富和发展了永磁调速器的拓扑结构与电磁分析方法，为新型永磁调速节能技术的进一步发展和工程应用奠定理论与技术基础。