超疏水/亲油微孔共轭聚合物的结构调控及选择性吸附性能研究

The development of efficient and economic strategy to address pollution issues arising from oil spills or organic wastewater should be of great importance for environmental protection and clean production of petrochemical industry. The traditional absorbent materials, however, have their respective drawbacks such as poor selectivity, low adsorption performance, etc. Accordingly, we proposed here for preparation of a series of novel, superhydrophobic and superoleophilic conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with high selectivity and adsorption performance for removal and selected adsorption of oils or organic contaminates from wastewater. The structure and morphology of the CMPs can be tuned by using various as-synthesized monomers or various solvents during polymerization procedure, respectively. The separation and selected adsorption performance of the CMPs for treatment of simulated wastewater and actual wastewater will be evaluated. The effect of porosity properties and morphology of the CMPs on their surface wettability, adsorption performance and selected adsorption performance will be investigated. By combination with advanced analysis/measurement and computational simulation, the relationship between the adsorption performance and the structure of the as-synthesized CMPs will be studied at the molecular level. The implementation of the proposed project will not only possibly develop novel, high performance adsorption materials with great potentials for practical use in the field of oil/organic wastewater treatment, but also provide basic experimental results and scientific evidence for further design, preparation of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic CMPs with high adsorption performance and selectivity.

经济、高效地解决含油/有机污染物废水污染问题对于环境保护、石油和化学工业清洁生产具有重要意义。针对传统吸附材料在含油/有机污染物废水处理方面存在的不足（如吸附选择性差、吸附容量低等），项目拟通过合成新型单体及选择聚合体系溶剂，调控微孔共轭聚合物的结构和形貌，探索制备对水体中油、有机污染物具有高吸附选择性、高吸附容量的新型超疏水/亲油微孔共轭聚合物，并考察其在模拟及实际含油/有机污染物废水中的分离和选择性吸附性能。研究微孔共轭聚合物的孔性能、形貌等物化性能对其表面水/油浸润性能、吸附容量以及选择性吸附性能影响。借助先进分析测试手段和计算模拟，在分子水平上揭示微孔共轭聚合物的结构与其吸附性能之间的构效关系。项目的实施不但可能得到在含油/有机污染物废水处理方面具有应用价值的高性能吸附材料，而且可为进一步设计、制备高吸附容量、高吸附选择性的新型超疏水/亲油微孔共轭聚合物提供基础实验数据和科学依据。

随着现代工业的发展，含油/有机污染物废水所带来的环境危害已成为制约我国社会经济发展的瓶颈问题。经济、高效地解决含油/有机污染物废水污染问题对于环境保护、石油和化学工业清洁生产具有重要意义。针对传统吸附材料在含油/有机污染物废水处理方面存在的不足（如吸附选择性差、吸附容量低等），项目基于单体分子尺寸、结构的合理设计，选择不同的乙炔基芳香化合物单体与卤代芳香化合物单体，通过Pd(II)催化的单体末端炔基与卤代基团的Sonogashira-Hagihara偶联共聚反应，选择不同溶剂作为反应体系溶剂以调控微孔共轭聚合物的结构和形貌，制备了一系列对水体中油、有机污染物具有高吸附选择性、高吸附容量的新型超疏水/亲油微孔共轭聚合物，研究了微孔共轭聚合物的空间结构、外在形貌等物化性能对其表面水/油浸润性能和对水体中不同种类油、有机污染物的选择性吸附性能影响，并考察了其在含油/有机污染物废水中的分离和选择性吸附性能，为其在含油/有机污染物废水处理的实际应用奠定前期基础。.项目实施以来，在项目组成员的共同努力下，很好地完成了项目确定的目标任务，在超疏水/亲油微孔共轭聚合物、超疏水/亲油碳基吸附材料、超疏水/亲油聚合物等的制备、选择吸附性能研究、材料结构与其吸附性能之间的构效关系建立等方面取得了实实在在的研究成果，发表SCI论文35篇，授权专利1件。培养硕士研究生10名，博士研究生1名，形成了一支专业结构合理、积极创新的吸附材料研究团队。