深部巷道裂隙围岩动力灾害四维支护防控机理

Prevention and control of the dynamic disaster has become one of the present and urgent problems in need of solution of scientific research in deep underground engineering. Study of the basic theory is launched,aimed at the technology of surrounding rock dynamic disaster prevention and control of deepfissured roadway, the main research content and ideas including: discussion of fractured rock mass deformation instability evolution with the bolt supporting of roadway. Exploration of characteristics and synergistic effect of pressure releasing and energy absorbing with four-dimensional supporting group component safety, the conversion mechanism of dynamic and static friction and the sliping rule of anchor cable in the coupling device. Establishment of the dynamic differential equation, revelation of the equal , harmonized and time-variant mechanism of the four-dimensional supportings. Explore the energy accumulation dissipation law of four-dimensional supported fractured rock mass, establish damage evolution constitutive model, give the stability mutant condition. Analysis the interaction of the intact deep rock, fractured shallow rock and supporting structure, and the loopy shell structure stability formed by them. Research the spatial structure bearing characteristics of the four-dimensional supported fractured rock. Reveal the four-dimensional support mechanism for dynamic disasters prevention and control of deep roadway fractured surrounding rock. The research achievement has great significance for improving the technology of dynamic disasters prevention and control of deep roadway fractured surrounding rock. In addition, it is also an important innovation of the thought and technology in the field of coal mining science.

深部地下工程动力灾害防控已成为国家当前亟需科技攻关的热点和难点之一。本项目针对我国迫切需要开发的深部巷道裂隙围岩动力灾害防控技术展开深入的基础理论研究，主要研究内容和思路为：基于能量理论、分形理论、真三轴岩石实验和现场实测，研究巷道锚杆支护裂隙岩体变形失稳演化规律；探索四维支护组构安全让压吸能特性和协同作用、动静摩擦的转换机制和锚索在联结装置中的滑移规律，揭示四维支护体等强协调时变机理。发掘四维支护裂隙岩体的能量积聚耗散规律，建立损伤演化本构模型，给出稳定性突变条件。分析巷道围岩深部完整岩体、浅部裂隙岩体、支护结构三者的相互作用及由它们形成的多圈壳结构的稳定性，研究四维支护裂隙岩体空间结构承载特性，揭示深部巷道裂隙围岩动力灾害四维支护防控机理。项目研究成果对提高深部地下工程裂隙围岩动力灾害防控水平具有重大意义，同时也是煤矿开采科学领域在思想与技术上的重要创新。

深部地下工程动力灾害防控已成为国家当前亟需科技攻关的热点和难点之一。本项目综合运用理论研究、力学实验、数值计算、相似实验等手段，对深部巷道裂隙围岩动力灾害四维支护防控机理展开系统研究，取得了以下主要研究结论和创新点：.（1）求解得到了深部巷道围岩的应力表达式，分析了应力分量随巷道位置变化的分布规律。研究了护孔碗锁曲率半径、弧度和传力垫块厚度、宽度对四维支护体应力分布及变形特征的影响，得到了四维支护参数的优化设计方法。.（2）建立了四维支护恒阻滑移力学模型，分析了构件滑动临界条件，得到了多股钢绞线恒阻值的表达式，研究了锁具的结构参数、接触界面的摩擦系数及锁具与锁卡间过盈量对恒阻值的影响规律，揭示了恒阻滑移过程中多构件的联动作用机理。.（3）系统研究了传力块尺寸、锚索预紧力及布置参数等对围岩位移演化规律和应力分布特征的影响，得到了巷道埋深对四维支护围岩能量演化规律的影响。分析了四维支护岩体承载拱特性，揭示了四维支护围岩蠕变及能量演化机理。.（4）在试验矿井成功开展四维支护工业性试验，现场监测结果表明：本项目成果有效降低了巷道围岩收敛变形，保证了深部高应力裂隙围岩巷道的长期稳定，满足现场安全生产要求。