售电侧放开环境下差异化电能质量决策方法研究

In the environment of marketing electricity side opened, power sale markets shows diversification tendencies. From the perspective of power quality (PQ) competition, considering the differentiated PQ demands of consumers and the profits of quality utilities comprehensively, a new idea is designed to develop an differentiated PQ decision method of diversified market participants with electricity purchasing and selling, in order to provide the solution to achieve differentiated power consuming demands of consumers and to give the power sale decision to help diversified market participants win the markets and gain maximal profits. The quantization method of the electromagnetic compatibility level is studied based on the electrical equipment tolerance capacity. Considering the electromagnetic compatibility level, governance cost, and benefit, a comprehensive PQ evaluation method is developed to provide a basis for measuring PQ level of nodes in power grids. Taking into account the indicators that include the coupling degree among nodes and load quality benefits, an electrical load region clustering method is researched to lay the foundation for providing differentiated PQ partition service. With consideration of the factors that include self-governance of equipment, the characteristics of major electricity vendor, a power supply strategy of single electricity vendor with differentiated PQ service is studied to explore the optimal power supply level in clustered load regions. Based on the game theory, a game model with diversified retail-load subjects is constructed to develop a power-selling competition decision method of differentiated PQ. This project has a key role in improving the quality of users' PQ, the economic benefit of the market participants and promoting the healthy and orderly development of the power market.

针对售电侧放开环境下市场竞争多元化趋势，从电能质量竞争维度出发，综合考虑用户的差异化电能质量需求和品质效用盈余，研究多元市场主体购售电的差异化电能质量决策方法，为用户差异化用电需求提供解决方案，为多元售电主体赢得市场、取得最大经济效益提供差异化售电决策。研究基于用电设备耐受能力的电磁兼容水平量化方法，兼顾电磁兼容水平、治理成本和效益成本研究电能质量综合评估方法，为度量电网电能质量水平提供依据；研究综合考虑节点耦合度、用电负荷品质效益等指标的用电负荷区域聚类方法，为分区提供差异化电能质量服务奠定基础；考虑用电负荷是否自行治理、各类售电主体特性等因素，研究单一售电主体差异化电能质量供电策略，寻求各负荷聚类区域最佳供电水平，基于博弈论研究构建售-荷多元主体博弈模型，建立电能质量差异化售电决策方法。本项目对改善用户电能质量品质、提高市场主体经济收益以及推动电力市场健康、有序发展具有重要作用。

随着电力市场改革的不断深化，售电市场多元竞争格局逐步形成。针对配电网高渗透、分散化敏感用户的差异化优质电能需求，本项目从电能质量维度出发，探索电力市场中电能质量差异化购售电决策方法，丰富售电服务模式，提高售电主体市场竞争力。主要内容包括：1）电能质量综合评估方法研究。考虑用电设备是评价主体，将用电设备对电能质量污染的耐受能力及污染对设备的影响作为评价依据，提出了一种兼顾设备电磁兼容水平和经济损失的电能质量综合评价方法；针对双碳目标下高比例可再生电力系统中电能质量扰动的波动性、时序性等特点，提出了一种基于时序区间值模糊软集的电能质量综合评价方法；针对我国北方大功率电能替代设备与光伏规模化接入引起的电压越限问题，提出了考虑负荷受损程度和节点耦合度的低压农网电压风险评估方法。多角度电能质量综合评价方法的研究，为准确度量电网电能质量提供了依据，为实施差异化电能质量购售电奠定了基础。2）负荷区域聚类方法研究。应用数据驱动建模思想，提出一种基于动态时间弯曲的时间序列模式匹配与耦合度求解方法，为电能质量区域治理奠定了基础；以交流接触器为例，对设备的敏感特性进行研究，提出一种基于微变等效模型的交流接触器不规则暂降耐受性评估方法，为评估电能质量经济损失提供依据，为敏感负荷聚类奠定基础；基于敏感负荷需求提出一种负荷聚类和电能质量等级划分方法，为分区提供差异化电能质量服务奠定基础。3）差异化电能质量购售电决策研究。在电能质量治理设备和治理策略研究基础上，构建了计及治理回收率的售电主体收益模型，考虑电能质量敏感度构建了用户成本模型，提出了基于主从博弈的电能质量差异化购售电决策方法，为集群用户或区域负荷提供最佳购电策略，为单一或多售电主体提供最优差异化售电策略。在售电侧放开背景下，本项目研究成果丰富了售电企业差异化服务内容，能够有效提高购售电主体经济效益以及敏感用户的用电品质，对推动电力市场健康、有序发展具有重要作用。