茄子Saet源胞质雄性不育恢复基因的精细定位与图位克隆

The utilization of cytoplasmic male sterility will be an innovation for eggplant (Solanum melongena) hybrid breeding, and the exploration of fertility restorer genes is fundamental for this purpose. Some investigations have indicated that an eggplant related species, S. aethiopicum Aculeatum Group (Saet), is an ideal donor of sterile and restorer genes. Therefore, based on the male-sterile lines and fertility restorer lines originated from an interspecific hybrid between Saet and eggplant, combining linkage analysis with BAC library screening, this project will focus on the fine mapping and cloning of restorer genes. Also, the characterization of DNA sequences and expression patterns of genes will be investigated. The expected result will be very useful for future utilization of Saet cytoplasmic male sterility. Furthermore, it will lay important foundations for further study of mechanisms involved in fertility restoration.

胞质雄性不育的利用可创新茄子杂交品种选育技术。恢复基因的挖掘是茄子胞质雄性不育育种利用的重要基础。研究表明，茄子近缘种Solanum aethiopicum Aculeatum Group (Saet)是茄子胞质雄性不育基因和恢复基因的理想供体，具有极高的育种利用价值。因此，项目拟以申请人通过种间杂交手段发现的Saet源胞质雄性不育系和恢复系为材料，采用连锁分析与BAC文库筛选相结合的方法，研究分子标记与恢复基因间的连锁关系，实现基因的精细定位，筛选获得经功能验证的目标基因，探明其序列特征和表达特性。预期结果对Saet源胞质雄性不育的育种利用和育性恢复机制的揭示具有重要的实践和理论意义。

胞质雄性不育的利用可创新茄子杂交品种的选育技术。恢复基因的挖掘是茄子胞质雄性不育育种利用的重要基础。研究表明，茄子近缘种Solanum aethiopicum Aculeatum Group (Saet)是茄子胞质雄性不育基因和恢复基因的理想供体，具有极高的育种利用价值。因此，项目以通过种间杂交手段发现的Saet源胞质雄性不育系和恢复系为材料，采用基因组重测序的方法构建了包含9345个SNP标记的高密度遗传图谱，在1号和6号染色体上精细定位了2个与育性恢复相关的主效QTL，遗传贡献率分别为69.5%和93.4%。对2个QTL区间内基因的分析发现，2个编码PPR类蛋白的基因可能与育性恢复有关，推测这2个基因为目标候选基因，进一步的过表达和基因敲除试验验证了这2个基因的功能。项目研究结果为Saet源胞质雄性不育的育种利用奠定了重要基础，并为深入开展育性恢复机制研究提供了重要信息。