共享经济视角下创新众包平台的信用保障策略研究

Due to the unclear definition of credit, the outdated credit evaluation index system, the insufficient punishment of the credit guarantee mechanism, and the limited scope of supervision of the credit laws and regulations lead to serious credit risk problems of the domestic innovation-sharing crowdsourcing platform, such as fraud between participats, intellectual property infringement, false knowledge sharing for profit, vulgarization of sharing content, lack of integrity system, weak credit supervision, violation of laws and regulations and so on. According to the logical thread of "credit definition-credit behavior analysis-credit evaluation system construction-credit guarantee system design", this paper probes into the mechanism of the platform credit guarantee strategy. (1)the credit theory of innovative sharing crowd-sourcing platform is defined and classified by taking grounded theory approach. (2)By designing and improving the credit evaluation index system, such as TF-IDF and K-S test, we construct a more effective innovation-sharing crowdsourcing platform dynamic credit evaluation system.(3)Based on motivation theory and game theory, the idea of diversified collaborative supervision and on the basis of penalty mechanism, the dynamic credit guarantee system of innovation-sharing crowdsourcing platform is designed to realize the integrity transaction and high-quality development of the platform. This research is helpful to the transformation, upgrading and the collaborative innovation sharing of enterprises, as well as to the enrichment and expansion of credit theory of crowdsourcing and e-commerc.

由于国内创新共享众包平台的信用界定不明晰、信用评价指标体系陈旧、信用保障机制惩罚力度不足、信用法规监管范围有限等情况，导致平台存在严重的参与双方欺诈、知识产权侵权、伪知识共享牟利、分享内容低俗化、诚信体系缺失、信用监管不力、违反法律法规等信用风险问题。针对该问题，依据“信用界定-信用行为分析-信用评价体系构建-信用保障体系设计”的逻辑主线，探究平台信用保障策略的作用机理。(1)运用扎根理论方法对创新共享众包平台的信用进行界定和分类识别。(2)设计或改进TF-IDF算法、K-S检验算法等，构建创新共享众包平台效用性更强的信用评价指标体系及动态信用评价体系。(3)以多元化协同监管为理念，以激励理论和博弈论方法为依据，以惩罚机制为基础，设计创新共享众包平台的动态信用保障体系，实现平台的诚信交易和高质量发展。本研究有助于企业的转型升级和协同创新共享，也有助于众包和电子商务信用理论的丰富和拓展。

信用问题的频发严重阻碍了我国创新共享众包平台持续、健康、稳定的高质量发展。本项目依据“界定信用-分类识别信用行为-改进信用评价体系算法和模型-设计信用动态保障策略-营造良好沟通和信任信用环境-构建多元化协同监管信用生态体系”的逻辑主线，揭示了平台信用保障策略的作用机理。.（1）利用文献分析的方法对创新共享众包平台的信用进行界定及对平台的信用行为进行分类识别。目的是为平台信用评价体系的构建和信用保障体系的设计奠定基础，丰富其信用理论。.（2）设计或改进F-Score检验算法进行企业信用评价有用指标的抽取、赋值和遴选，利用Copula-非线性分位数回归模型构建企业动态信用评价体系，通过多机器学习算法的综合度量模型(CMM-MLA)构建企业的动态信用评价模型。目的是为创新共享众包平台各领域的信用评价指标选取、信用体系构建、信用风险预测提供依据。.（3）以激励理论和博弈论的方法为依据，以惩罚机制为基础，强化平台规则制度、设计信息披露机制和反馈机制等动态信用保障策略，通过在线设计、知识共享和优质制度营造良好沟通、贸易和信任环境，实现对平台诚信行为的正向激励，构筑诚信交易生态环境。.（4）基于区块链技术为支撑，以科学化、系统化、多元化的协同监管措施为基础构建创新共享平台信用生态体系。目的是对信用风险进行有效的评估和预测，对创新共享平台参与成员的信用行为实行事前防范、事中监管、事后惩治的管理措施，实现激励守信，惩治失信，营造诚信交易环境，推进和完善我国信用体系的高质量建设。.（5）将共享经济与绿色经济在宏观和微观层面做了交叉拓展研究，利用实证方法探讨了低碳排放对绿色增长的影响，利用博弈方法分析了低碳产品对企业绩效的影响等，目的是为创新平台的低碳产品设计和绿色信用生态体系构建提供理论价值。