溶液加工的宽带隙纳米材料复合结构设计、制备及异质结界面态性能调控机理研究及紫外探测器的实现

At present, ZnO as photosensitive material has the problem of poor short-wavelength ultraviolet response, and p-type ZnO with stable and high mobility is difficult to obtain. At the same time, some deficiencies in nano-optoelectronic devices research include low efficiency nano-unit manipulation, expensive equipment, and unstable performance. This project is proposed to address those problems. Cheap technology, flexible operation, and solution-processed method for macro nanomaterials are adoped. In particular, graphical ZnO nanoarrays will be prepared to improve light capture capability; amorphous InGaZnO thin film will be prepared to broaden the band gap and improve the electron mobility; and novel 0D, 1D, and 2D nano-heterogeneous composite materials will be studied to improve the separation and transfer speed of photo-generated carriers. Some means including the process condition, surface modification, and ratio of the element will be employed to reduce the defects at the heterojunction interface, which promotes some optical response processes including generation, separation, and transport of photo-generated carriers. The goal is to obtain high sensitivity, fast response and recovery speed, narrow spectral response range, low cost and low power UV detector. The main innovation is that from the material system, and the relationship between structure and properties, the new function-oriented nano-composite materials with different dimensions will be developed, and novel types of nanostructures UV detectors including photoconductive and photodiode will be architected. The material systems, structure and performance will be optimized synthetically.

目前ZnO作为光敏材料存在短波长紫外的响应能力差, 稳定且高迁移率的p型难获得，同时在纳米光电器件研究中存在纳米单元操控效率低、设备昂贵、性能不稳定等不足。本项目针对上述问题，拟采用工艺廉价，操控灵活，并且宏量的纳米材料溶液加工方法，开展图形化的ZnO纳米阵列的制备研究以提高光捕获能力；开展非晶InGaZnO薄膜材料的研究以拓宽ZnO的带隙和提高电子迁移率；开展新型的0D，1D，2D纳米复合异质材料研究以提高光生载流子的分离和传输速度。通过工艺条件，表面修饰，元素计量比等手段降低异质结界面处的缺陷，促进光生载流子的产生、分离、输运等光电响应过程，以获得高灵敏度，快的响应和恢复速度，窄的光谱响应范围，低成本和低功耗的紫外探测器。主要创新点：以功能为导向，研究发展不同维度纳米复合新材料和新结构，构建纳米复合结构的新型光电导型和二极管型紫外探测器，综合优化材料体系、结构和性能。

ZnO与SiC、GaN等其他的宽带隙材料相比有很高的热稳定性、更好的抗辐射损伤的能力、较低的生长温度、适合做长寿命器件等优点。其优良的光电性能在短波长紫外光电器件，特别是在发光、激光、场发射和紫外光电探测等方向的性能优势正在日益突显。但是，目前ZnO作为光敏材料存在短波长紫外的响应能力差, 稳定且高迁移率的p型难获得，同时在纳米光电器件研究中存在纳米单元操控效率低、设备昂贵、性能不稳定等不足。因此，对ZnO基紫外探测器的研究，具有重要实际意义。本项目的主要研究及创新成果如下：.1)研究了溶液法制备p型CuSCN和CuI的晶体生长机理，将二者按比例混合形成复合薄膜可以获得低的薄膜粗糙度，高的空穴电导率和低的缺陷密度。基于复合p型薄膜，制备的ZnO-CuI/CuSCN二极管紫外探测器具有高达 13 μA/cm 2的光电流、130的明暗比、0.08 V的开路电压。.2)制备了点异质结Ag NWs-ZnO分叉异质纳米线和面异质结ZnO-CuI/CuSCN二极管、CsPbBr3纳米晶/传输层异质结光电导、CsPbBr3纳米晶薄膜二极管。从微观尺度研究异质结对光生载流子输运行为的调控作用。.3)发展了PEDOT:PSS透明电极的干法转移，应用于半透明二极管紫外探测器，高的紫外-可见抑制比179和最窄60 nm的带宽响。.4)开展了多维度纳米复合异质解柔性光电器件的研究，柔性器件可以获得超过5000次的弯曲，分析测试结果表明纳米片比量子点具有更快的电荷转移率，CuSCN比NiO具有更快的电荷转移率。.本项目申请人在国内外学术刊物上发表SCI论文37篇（影响因子IF>10的3篇，IF>5的18篇），论文得到国际一流学术期刊的重点引用，SCI 他引超过 600 次；申请发明专利6项，授权专利4项。人才培养和国际交流成果较为突出。项目研究取得了预期成果，较好地完成了项目任务书的研究任务。