直视合成孔径激光成像雷达中多普勒效应的影响机理及校正方法研究

Straight-looking synthetic aperture imaging laser radar has an excellent performance that influence from atmospheric turbulence can be compensated automatically, promoting the development of engineering of the synthetic aperture imaging laser radar. But in the actural applications, especially in airborne imaging, it still exits optical doppler effect and nonlinear effects from high repetition rate sinusoidal modulation. They will affect the target imaging quality seriously. Base on the above background and problems, this project aims at the development of influence mechanism and correction method of Doppler effect in straight-looking synthetic aperture imaging laser radar, obtaining near-ideal imaging resolution and two-dimension high-quality image. It includes the studies of a new quasi-geometrical optical Fourious transform theory, imaging influence of nonlinear, Doppler effect and both, correction method of imaging from nonlinear and Doppler effect. The suggested investigations have apparent creativities, and the feasibility as proven by our previous work. This project will result in a new generalized quasi-geometrical optical Fourious transform theory, a new imaging influence mechanism from Doppler effect. After imaging correction, high quality and high resolution rebuilding image will be achieved. It has an important academic value and application value and it is suitable for airborne straight-looking synthetic aperture imaging laser radar.

直视合成孔径激光成像雷达具有自动消除大气湍流等相位干扰的性能，推动着合成孔径激光成像雷达的工程化发展，但在实际应用中，特别是在机载等高速运载平台成像中，仍存在光学多普勒效应和高重复率正弦调制的非线性影响，严重影响着目标的成像质量。本申请针对上述背景与问题，旨在研究直视合成孔径激光成像雷达中多普勒效应的成像影响机理及成像校正方法，以获得成像分辨率趋于理想值的二维高质量目标图像。研究内容包括一种全新的准几何光学傅里叶变换方法，正弦扫描非线性、多普勒效应对成像的影响及其复合影响，成像的校正方法。本研究具有创新性和前期工作证明的可行性，能够产生新的一般性的准几何光学傅里叶变换算法，获得多普勒效应的成像影响机理特性及成像校正，实现高成像质量、高分辨率的成像图像，特别适用于机载等高速搭载平台的直视合成孔径激光成像雷达系统，具有重要的学术价值和实际意义

直视合成孔径激光成像雷达在具体的实际应用中，特别是在机载等高速运载平台成像中，存在严重的多普勒效应和高重频调制的非线性等影响，严重影响着目标的成像质量。本项目根据计划书的要求开展了直视合成孔径激光成像雷达中高速调制非线性及多普勒效应的影响，并采用变标插值重采样和多普勒补偿实现成像校正，并将其应用于机载直视合成孔径成像、远距离逆合成孔径激光成像雷达中，获得了距离大于3km、分辨率低于5cm的高质量快速目标成像。在此基础上进一步提出了一些新的成像体系结构，包括本振增强直视合成孔径激光雷达、隐形结构光三维成像和三维扫描成像，进一步丰富和提高了目标的成像质量。项目总发表SCI收录论文5篇、EI收录9篇，申请发明专利6项，其中5项已经授权，项目同时协助培养了2名博士研究生和1名硕士研究生。