Addition of the 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose (O-GlcNAc) residue to serine and threonine of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins is an essential post-translational modification in metazoa. O-GlcNAcase (OGA) is the enzyme that specifically catalyses the removal of the sugar molecule from modified proteins, and hence plays an important role in maintaining cellular activities. Currently, GlcNAc-derived competitive inhibitors of OGA are widely used as chemical probes in the study of the biological roles of O-GlcNAcase, and the roles it plays in human diseases. However, several of these inhibitors have shown non-specific binding in the cells. Using a ‘Fragment-Based Drug Discovery’ approach, we sought to carry out NMR screen of small fragments for the discoveries of novel OGA regulators. Binding activities of the small molecules will be assayed in solution and also in the cells. Molecular basis of binding will be evaluated via X-ray crystallographic studies. These small synthetic molecules will not only facilitate future functional and mechanistic studies of O-GlcNAc modification, but also enhance their utility in therapeutic applications.
β-N-乙酰葡糖胺水解酶(O-GlcNAcase ; OGA)是人体内负责蛋白质翻译后 O-GlcNAc 糖基化修饰水平的一个关键酶,参与细胞内许多重要的生理活动。目前国际上主要采用 OGA 竞争性抑制剂来研究 O-GlcNAc 的生物学功能及其在疾病中的作用机理。现有的竞争性抑制剂均为 OGA 底物 N-乙酰葡糖胺的衍生物,其缺陷是这些糖衍生物在体内会结合功能相近的糖基水解酶而引起脱靶效应。为此,该研究以基于小分子片段的药物开发为指导思想,通过核磁共振(NMR)技术筛选非糖类活性小分子片段,检测其在生化和细胞水平对 OGA 的调控作用,揭示其作用的分子机制,以开发新型 OGA 化学探针,用于更专一、更高效地调控体内 O-GlcNAc 糖基化水平,为研究 O-GlcNAc 糖基化修饰的生物学功能以及相关疾病(如癌症、老年痴呆、糖尿病)的治疗奠定基础。
基于小分子片段的药物开发是当前新药研发的重要手段之一。本项目针对小分子活性片段筛选存在“假阳性”机率高,分子自身显色或自身荧光特性干扰光谱学分析等问题,开展高效药物筛选实验体系构建及其在新型OGA 水解酶活性分子开发领域的应用。主要成果如下:1. 以β-内酰胺酶为参照,建立了通过核磁共振(NMR)技术筛选小分子活性片段,等温滴定微量热技术(ITC)在生化、细胞水平评价命中分子活性的实验体系,证明了该体系具有简单、快速、准确性高等优点,并获得多个微摩尔级新型β-内酰胺酶小分子抑制剂,有望通过进一步优化用于联合疗法治疗耐药细菌引发的临床感染。2. 以人OGA 水解酶为对象,采用该实验体系,开展了基于小分子片段的药物筛选与评价。获得了5个竞争性小分子抑制剂,活性最强的小分子片段抑制活性 IC50 = 1 mM,获得了1个小分子抑制增强剂,可以提高PUGNAc对OGA的抑制活性(Ki)3倍。这些片段有望通过进一步筛选其“邻居”分子开发出更高效、更专一的 OGA 化学探针用于特异性提高或降低体内O-GlcNAc水平,为研究 O-GlcNAc 糖基化修饰的生物学功能以及相关疾病(如癌症、老年痴呆、糖尿病)的治疗奠定基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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