海藻酸盐/碳点复合多波长荧光防伪纤维的制备和性能研究

Fluorescent fibers have been widely used in anti-counterfeiting fields. However, fluorescent fibers using regenerated fibers as matrix are still need to be developed and multi-excited fluorescent fibers which can emit different colors under different excitation wavelengths have not been reported. In this plan, multi-excited fluorescent fibers will be developed through wet-spinning process, using alginate- a natural oceanic polymer- as matrix and water-dispersed fluorescent carbon dots as functional materials and the multi-excited anti-counterfeiting property of the fibers will derive from the excitation wavelength dependant emission character of carbon dots. Influence factors on properties of spinning dopes and fibers will be investigated to make sure the fabrication of novel fluorescent fibers with excellent mechanical strength and fluorescent property. Meanwhile, interactions between carbon dots and alginate under different aggregated states and the relevance between micro- and macro-structures of the fibers will be discussed in order to provide new approaches to the fabrication of novel nanoparticles/polymer composite fibrous materials. Since both alginate and carbon dots are environmental-friendly materials and the whole process is conducted in water, our plan has great pro-environment significance in the filed of fluorescent fibers' fabrication.

荧光纤维在防伪领域有着非常广泛的应用，但以再生纤维为基质的荧光纤维还有待开发，且在不同波长的激发光下可以显示不同颜色的多波长荧光纤维的研究尚无报道。在本项目中，申请者拟用海洋天然高分子海藻酸盐作为纤维基质材料，用水相荧光碳点作为荧光功能材料，用湿法纺丝制备荧光纤维。由于碳点在不同激发波长下可以发出不同颜色的荧光，因此复合荧光纤维具有多波长防伪特性。在制备过程中，我们将考察各因素对纺丝液和纤维性能的影响，以期得到强度高、荧光性能好的荧光纤维。我们还将探索碳点与海藻酸盐在不同聚集态结构下的相互作用机制，总结纤维的微结构与宏观性能的关系，为制备具有新颖结构和性能的纳米粒子/聚合物复合纤维材料提供新的思路和途径。此外，本项目选用的材料均属于环境友好材料，且制备过程在水溶液中进行，绿色无污染，因此在荧光纤维制备领域具有重要的环保意义。

荧光纤维又称安全纤维，作为一种重要的高科技防伪材料正受到人们的广泛关注，但从资源和能源的角度出发，开发基于天然海洋生物质材料和荧光纳米粒子的荧光纤维新材料具有十分重要的意义。本研究制备了多种不同表面性质的碳点，研究了碳点与海藻酸盐混合溶液和注射器喷丝的性质，确定碳点的表面电荷类型是其能否稳定复合在海藻纤维中的主要因素；通过湿法纺丝技术制备海藻酸盐与碳点的复合荧光纤维，荧光纤维具有良好的热稳定性、自阻燃性和吸湿性，荧光纤维的强度随着碳点含量的增加表现出由小变大的趋势，当碳点含量在15%左右时，荧光纤维的强度和纯海藻酸钙纤维强度相仿。