灾后重建视野下“家”的空间生产与地方响应—以汶川震区为例

When Western social and cultural geographers had their researches on place, they found that home was the most important space attached to place. By the long-term development of different schools, the topics like gender, identity, power and scale had been integrated into the geographical study on home. The topics of security and fear, of annihilation and reconstruction, of migration and adaptation, which are included in natural disasters, also led to the interdisciplinary researches on the victims' home. Domestic scholars have started to pay attention to home as a microscopic space, but most of these studies are extensional ones of sociology and anthropology. Human geographers have not yet focused on "home" till now. On a practical level, in a contemporary society with more natural disasters, how to reflect the humane care better in the reconstruction plan, and how to make the reconstruction goal converse from "human own their houses "to" human own their homes ", are also the key to build beautiful and new homeland. The item attempts to use the theoretical framework of "the production of space", through the spatial research on the home of the earthquake victims, to show the process of place shaping on the background of disaster and the reconstruction after that, and to explore the path through which disaster impacts on the interaction mechanism of relationship between human and land. By this item, we hope to have a local exploration of geographical study on home, to continue to expand new areas of microscopic researches of domestic social and cultural geography, and to provide a basis for making decision on the construction of harmonious society in the earthquake areas.

西方社会文化地理学者在进行地方研究时注意到，"家"是地方最重要的依附空间。经由不同学派的长期发展，性别、身份、权力和尺度等话题不断融入对"家"的地理学研究中。而自然灾害所包含的安全与恐惧、地方毁灭与重构、迁移与调适等话题，也引致了对灾民的"家"的跨学科研究。国内已有学者开始关注"家"这一微观空间，但多是社会学和人类学的衍伸研究，人文地理学还未将其作为研究重点。实践层面上，在自然灾害加剧的当代社会，如何在灾后重建计划中更好地体现人文关怀，实现从"居者有其屋"到"居者有其家"的转化，也成为构建美丽新家园的关键。本课题试图运用空间生产理论框架，通过对地震灾民"家"的空间研究，透视灾害本身以及灾后重建背景下地方的形塑过程，探寻灾害对人地关系交互作用机制的影响路径。期望以此进行"家"的地理研究的本土性探索，继续拓展国内社会文化地理的微观研究新领域，并为灾区和谐社会建设提供决策依据。

课题以灾后重建为视角，对于家的社会文化地理和相关问题进行了探索性研究。课题展开对家的地理学和社会学研究理论和成果的梳理，构建了案例研究的理论框架；对受灾地区居民家的空间与地方感的实证研究，阐释了家与地方的相互作用机理；对移民宗教社会文化空间的研究，探索了移民身份认同与宗教信仰间的内在逻辑；对生态移民社会适应路径的研究，回应了灾害移民地方认同和调适手段选择问题；对全球化与地方性的研究，指出了全球的渗透和地方的抵抗共同塑造了新的地方性；对文献计量法的相关研究，提供了研究趋势分析的精准方法。课题不但较好地总结了家的相关研究的前沿理论和主要思潮，也为国内灾害社会文化地理研究开拓了新的路径，形成了具有中国本土特点的家的地理学研究构架，积极推动了灾后重建计划中对人文关怀的注重，为灾区社会文化建设提供了具有重大意义的参考。