基于纳米发电机的自驱动电泳、电显示器件的研发和应用

This project aims to the basic science issues and applied technology challenges for the nanogeneartor in the energy, materials, and chemistry. The combination of the nanogenerator research and electrochemical studies is proposed for the first time to achieve interdisciplinary and collaborative innovation. The output performance of triboelectric nanogenerator will be greatly improved by changing the principles, materials, surface morphology, device structures and so on. The nanogenerator will be applied to the electrophoretic chip, electronic visual display and electrochemiluminescence, due to its flexible structure and high-voltage output characteristics. Aiming at designing and fabrication of the self-powered device, a novel integrated electrophoretic chip based on the nanogenerator will be established in this project. The electrophoretic motion of charged particles under the influence of a high-voltage pulsed electric field will be systematically studied. On the basis of the self-powered electrophoretic chip, we propose to integrate nanogenerator and electronic paper into a single self-powered display device and test its technical parameters. Using electrowetting display and electric paper as systematic experimental objects, this project will establish the most suitable display technology for the application of nanogenerator. By combining the advantages of nanogenerator and electrochemiluminescence, the self-powered display technology is of special interest and has potential applications in functional devices and sensors. The integration of multi-functional, intelligent and self-powered characteristics is an important component in the new micro-nano devices and systems, which will actively promote the development of flexible electronics and has important academic significance and application value.

申请人围绕纳米发电机在能源、材料、化学中的基础科学问题和应用技术难题，首次提出将纳米发电机研究与电化学研究相结合，实现学科交叉、协同创新。从原理、材料、表面形貌、器件结构等角度出发，大幅度提高摩擦纳米发电机的输出性能。根据其柔性结构特点和高电压的输出特性，将纳米发电机应用于芯片电泳、电显示和电化学发光等领域。设计和制备集成有纳米发电机和电泳装置的芯片，系统研究带电粒子在高电压脉冲电场下的电泳行为。在此基础上，通过合理设计将纳米发电机和电泳式电子纸集成于一体，制备自驱动显示装置，测试显示器的各项技术参数。详细对比研究电润湿显示器与纳米发电机集成后的性能，优选出最适合纳米发电机应用的自驱动显示技术。将纳米发电机与电化学发光技术相结合，研究其在显示和传感等领域的应用潜力。集成化、智能化、自驱动式的微纳器件和系统的开发将对柔性电子学的发展和应用产生积极的推动作用，具有重要的研究意义和应用价值。

本研究课题受国家自然科学基金青年基金项目资助，目标主要是研制基于纳米发电机的自驱动系统，提高纳米发电机的输出性能，并将其与超级电容器等传统储能装置相结合，探索纳米发电机及自驱动系统在电化学领域中的应用。通过这些研究工作，为纳米发电机在基础研究领域和商业化的应用奠定基础。研究工作介绍了纳米发电机在电化学应用中的研究现状以及自驱动电泳和显示装置的研究方向。结合纳米发电机与超级电容器的自驱动系统是本课题的研究重点，也是自驱动电泳和显示装置研究和应用的基础。利用激光制备石墨烯纳米电极的方法，在柔性聚合物基底上直接加工制备了集成纳米发电机和超级电容器的自驱动系统。通过合理设计器件的结构参数，优化了工艺流程，进一步实现了自驱动集成系统的透明化和薄膜化，制备了柔性透明的自充电薄膜，并且将该薄膜应用于智能手机的滑动解锁系统。为了提高纳米发电机的输出性能，受超级电容器双电层原理及三维纳米电极应用的启发，创新性地设计了基于海绵状电极结构和银纳米线柔性电极的新型纳米发电机。合理地设计了器件结构，详细测试了不同条件下纳米发电机的输出性能，对器件的工作原理进行了深入研究和分析，为进一步完善进行器件的加工、封装及测试等后续工作打下了良好的基础。针对电化学领域中单分子器件的电学测量，利用电化学辅助机械可控断裂法加工了一系列具有可控纳米间隔的电极对，可用于测量单分子的电学性能。分子电学性能的精准测量将为纳米发电机在电化学领域中的应用提供理论依据，同时将有助于深入研究纳米发电机的发电机理，为其性能提高和更广泛的实际应用奠定基础。