具有三维大孔结构的二氧化铅纳米复合电极的制备与电催化性能研究

Lead dioxide electrodes have been used frequently as anode materials in pollutants degradation field for their excellent electrocatalytic properties. In this research, we should prepare lead dioxide nanocomposite electrodes with three-dimensional macroporous structure basing on the oxygen bubble template method and composite electrodeposition technology. In this process, the electrodeposition of lead dioxide and nanoparticles occur simultaneously within the interstitial spaces between the oxygen bubbles, the lead dioxide nanocomposite electrodes with three-dimensional macroporous structure can be obtained in single step. The electrocatalytic property can be enhanced by the incorporation of nanoparticles. The macroporous structure formation mechanism should be discussed. The electrocatalytic degradation properties of lead dioxide nanocomposite electrodes with three-dimensional macroporous structure would be studied, and the relationship between the pore structure and composition of lead dioxide electrode and electrocatalytic degradation properties should be established, which can guide the design and optimization of pore structure. The research should direct the preparation and modification of metal oxide electrodes, and the electrocatalytic degradation performance of lead dioxide electrodes is also enhanced. The research findings can provide theoretical direction and technical support for the application of lead dioxide nanocomposite electrodes with three-dimensional macroporous structure in pollutants degradation field.

二氧化铅电极是研究最为广泛的阳极材料之一，在污染物电催化降解领域具有很好的应用前景。本课题通过调节电位对氧气在阳极上的析出过程进行控制，组装气泡模板, 采用复合电沉积技术使纳米颗粒与二氧化铅在气泡模板的空隙中发生共沉积，从而获得具有三维大孔结构的二氧化铅纳米复合电极, 通过复合纳米颗粒提高二氧化铅电极三维大孔结构的稳定性和电催化性能；明确二氧化铅纳米复合电极三维大孔结构的成孔机制，建立电极孔结构与组分同电催化降解性能之间的关联，实现对电极孔结构与组分的有效控制和设计优化。我们的研究可为金属氧化物电极材料的研制与性能改善提供一种新的技术方法与制备路线，有效提高二氧化铅电极的电催化降解性能，为三维大孔结构二氧化铅纳米复合电极在污染物降解领域的生产和应用提供理论指导与技术支持。

二氧化铅电极具有良好的导电性、较高的电催化性能和较长的使用寿命等优点而引起国内外科技界的浓厚兴趣，已在污染物电催化降解领域得到很好的发展与应用。提高电催化降解性能是二氧化铅电极研究中的热点课题。我们通过调节电位对氧气在阳极上的析出过程进行控制，组装气泡模板，采用复合电沉积技术使纳米颗粒与二氧化铅在气泡模板的空隙中发生共沉积，成功制备出具有三维大孔结构的PbO2-CeO2和PbO2-ZrO2纳米复合电极，并对电极的形貌、成分及孔结构进行了研究，实现了电极孔结构与组分的动态调控。考察了三维大孔结构二氧化铅纳米复合电极的电化学性质。并将三维大孔结构二氧化铅纳米复合电极作为阳极用于有机污染物的电催化降解，研究了三维大孔结构与组分对二氧化铅电极电催化降解性能的影响，对电极孔结构和组分进行了设计和优化。研究表明，复合纳米颗粒可以提高二氧化铅电极三维大孔结构的稳定性和电催化性能。以上工作为金属氧化物电极材料的研制与性能改善提供了一种新的技术方法与制备路线，有效提高了二氧化铅电极的电催化降解性能，为三维大孔结构二氧化铅纳米复合电极在污染物降解领域的应用提供了理论指导与技术支持。