微缩干涉阵列集成光学成像质量全链路表征与提升研究

Aims at new generation optical remote imaging system development, This project focus on miniature interferometer array integral optical imaging modality, full-chain light field transformation and imaging quality characterization strategy are used to theoretically analyze scene light field radiation multi-dimensional transfer, conversion, and coupling mechanisms through system components（including multi-baseline lens array, optical waveguide array, array waveguide grating, phase delay line array, balanced four-quadrature detection array）, and their physical effects on image quality degradation of miniature interference integral optical imaging system. Then, system end-to-end integral optical interference imaging light field conversion modeling matched to photonic integrated circuits (PICs) parameters, full chain optical interference imaging quality characterization model, U-V spatial frequency accurate coverage, and image quality promotion based on optical design/computational reconstruction cooperation et al are studied deeply, respectively. Considering the above constructed theoretical models and algorithms, a miniature interferometer array integral optical imaging experimental prototype with controllable light field parameters is built to measure U-V spatial frequency coverage and reconstructed image quality specifications. Further, the above relevant models and algorithms are validated and modified based on multi-level measurement results. Research results will provide theoretical and technical supports for high performance miniature interferometer array integral optical imaging system development, and pave a new way for revolutionary progress in space based Electro-Optical image reconnaissance and surveillance system.

围绕新一代光学遥感成像系统发展需求，本项目针对微缩干涉阵列集成光学成像模式，立足于全链路微缩干涉集成光学成像光场转换与图像质量表征思路，理论分析微缩干涉集成光学成像系统各环节（集成基线透镜阵列、波导阵列、阵列波导光栅、相位延迟阵列、平衡四正交检波阵列)对场景辐射场多维度传递、转换与耦合机制，深入研究各集成光学功能器件的光场调控物理效应对微缩干涉集成光学成像质量退化机理；重点攻关解决匹配光子集成电路PICs参数的微缩干涉集成光学成像多维度光场转换模型、全链路微缩干涉集成光学成像质量表征模型、U-V空间频谱图精准覆盖、光学/计算协同提升图像质量等关键科学技术问题；构建光场参数可控的微缩干涉阵列集成光学成像实验样机，获取光场图像数据和重建图像质量指标，完成对相关模型和算法的验证与修正。研究成果将为研制高性能微缩干涉集成光学成像系统奠定理论与技术基础，为空间光学侦察监视预警系统的变革提供新途径。

围绕新一代光学遥感成像系统发展需求，本文针对微缩干涉阵列集成光学成像模式，立足于全链路微缩干涉集成光学成像光场转换与图像质量表征思路，综合考虑集成基线透镜阵列和光子集成电路的光场传递转换效应，深入研究各集成光学功能器件的光场调控物理效应对微缩干涉集成光学成像质量退化机理；将场景辐射光场－集成光学干涉条纹测量－U-V空间频谱数字合成－图像计算重建系统作为广义整体，本文理论分析微缩干涉集成光学成像系统核心部件PICs (微透镜阵列、波导阵列、阵列波导光栅、相位延迟器、平衡正交探测器)对场景辐射场（空间、辐射、光谱维）传递、转换与耦合机制，建立了场景辐射场经微缩干涉集成光学成像的多维度光场传递转换理论模型；研究了多基线透镜阵列空间分布模式和光学优化参数、PICs各功能部件参数优化策略，提出了分层多级采样透镜阵列和非均匀多级采样透镜阵列的创新设计；针对微缩干涉集成光学成像系统的不同应用场景，研究了不同的图像重建方法以适应不同的场景目标成像；以理论模型为基础，依据微缩干涉集成光学成像系统的光场调控和组合方式，构建光场参数转换可控的微缩干涉阵列集成光学成像原理验证实验装置；采集不同基线布局的光场干涉条纹可视度参数和U-V空间频谱，数字合成多种物理参数对应的重建图像数据，验证微缩干涉阵列集成光学成像全链路模型的合理性。研究成果将为研制高性能微缩干涉集成光学成像系统奠定理论与技术基础，为空间光学侦察监视预警系统的变革提供新途径。