建立基于HPLC-UV检测的雾化捕集系统观测大气醛酮污染物的研究方法

Atmospheric aldehydes and ketones are not only the products in photochemical oxidations of volatile organic compounds, but also the precursors of atmospheric radicals and organic aerosol. Especially, a part of the aldehydes have potential carcinogenic effects on human beings. Currently, HPLC-UV (EPA TO-11A) method has been widely used to determine atmospheric concentrations of aldehydes and ketones, however there are many disadvantages when silicone cartridges are used in the method for sampling air. These disadvantages are extremely not conducive to deeply understanding the photochemical processes of "generation" and "elimination" of atmospheric aldehydes and ketones, which also are difficult to the meet deepper requirement of scientific research. In contrast, a mist trapping technology using gas-liquid absorption principle, which has higher sampling flow, higher sampling efficiency, shorter collection time and lower interference from environmental factors, is a potential sampling method of collecting atmospheric aldehydes and ketones effectively. So based on the HPLC-UV measurement, this work will combine indoor experiment in the laboratory with atmospheric sampling test in the field to establish a scientific and reasonable sampling method of using mist trapping system to observe atmospheric aldehydes and ketones, which will provide reliable technical support for the deepper insight into them. The application of the developed method will deepen our understanding of the environmental and chemical processes of atmospheric aldehydes and ketones.

大气中醛酮污染物不仅是挥发性有机物的光化学氧化产物，也是大气中自由基和有机气溶胶的前体物，而且部分醛类还具有致癌作用，目前，HPLC-UV(EPA TO-11A)方法被广泛地应用于检测其大气浓度，然而该方法中使用硅胶管采样存在较多的缺陷和不足，不利于深化认识醛酮污染物"生成"与"去除"的大气光化学过程，难以满足科学研究的深层次要求。相比之下，采用气-液吸收原理的雾化捕集技术，拥有采样流量高、采样效率高、样品采集时间短、及外界环境因子干扰低等优势，是一种极具发展潜力的采集醛酮污染物的方法。鉴于此，本项目将以HPLC-UV检测为依托，采用室内实验与野外大气采样测试相结合的方式，以期建立一套科学合理的雾化捕集系统观测大气醛酮污染物的研究方法，为深入开展醛酮污染物的大气观测研究提供可靠的技术支持，试验成果的应用与推广，将有利于深化认识醛酮污染物的大气环境化学过程。

醛酮污染物既是挥发性有机物的光化学氧化产物，也是大气自由基和有机气溶胶的前体物，且部分醛酮污染物具有致癌作用。被广泛地应用于检测大气醛酮污染物浓度的EPA TO-11A方法，其使用硅胶管采样所存在的缺陷和不足，难以满足科学研究的深层次要求。本项目采用基于气-液吸收原理的雾化捕集技术，并以HPLC-UV检测为依托，建立了一套采用雾化捕集系统观测大气醛酮污染物的研究方法。本项目的室内实验结果表明，相对于硅胶管采样方法而言，本采样方法拥有采样流量高（例如20L/min以上）、采样效率高（例如85%以上）、样品采集时间短（例如5min）、及外界环境因子干扰低等特点。野外大气采样测试结果表明，本方法对大气环境中高含量的低分子量醛酮污染物（如甲醛、乙醛和丙酮等）的采集与检测尤其有效。本项目试验成果的应用，可为深入开展醛酮污染物的大气观测研究提供可靠的技术支持，其推广将有利于深化认识醛酮污染物的大气环境化学过程。在本项目资助下，已发表SCI论文4篇及中文核心论文1篇，已申请发明专利5项。