基于电纺纳米纤维基膜的IPMC高效俘能机制与调控

Due to the special advantages of energy harvesting of Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC) in low frequency vibration source, ion solution environment, it has potential application value in the fields of Biology, Marine sensing instrumentation. Improving the efficiency of IPMC energy harvesting is a priority. Project focuses on two major factors of IPMC energy harvesting - ion concentration rate and ionic conductivity, put forward the production of IPMC base membrane by electrospinning technology, through regulating its microscopic structure, increases ion concentration rate and ionic conductivity at the same time. Project researches the characteristics of micro solid-liquid interface of nanofiber membrane, reveals the ion concentration mechanism of IPMC nanofiber membrane, ascertains the fluid transport mechanism of micro-nano scale interconnected channels of base membrane. Analyzing ionic conduction behavior of IPMC base membrane under the action of external loading, researching the efficiency of energy harvesting, clarifying ion concentration and conduction of the mechanism and the law to enhance the power of energy harvesting, reconcilabling conflict of ion concentration and conduction. Constructing the regulation strategy of microstructure manufacturing of IPMC nanofiber base membrane by electrospinning, grasping the regularity of IPMC ion concentration, the effect of the conduction by its microstructure, optimizing the process of base membrane. Designing a typical application of IPMC energy harvesting device, exploring the contribution of external loading to energy harvesting of the device. Laying the theoretical and technical basis foundation for the engineering application of intelligent structure of flexible polymer energy harvesting.

离子聚合物金属复合物（IPMC）由于对低频振源、离子溶液环境的俘能具有特别优势，在生物、海洋传感仪器方面具有潜在的应用价值。提高IPMC俘能效率是当务之急。项目围绕制约IPMC俘能的两大决定因素——离子富集率与传导率，提出采用静电纺丝技术制作IPMC基膜，通过调控其微观结构，同时提升离子富集率和离子传导率。项目研究纳米纤维基膜微观固液界面特性，揭示IPMC纳米纤维基膜的离子富集机制，探明基膜微纳尺度互联通道流体输运机理。分析IPMC基膜在外载荷作用下的离子传导行为，研究俘能效率，阐明离子富集与传导对俘能功率的提升机制和规律，调和离子富集与传导间矛盾。构建电纺纳米纤维IPMC基膜微结构制造的调控策略，掌握微观结构对IPMC离子富集、传导的作用规律，优化基膜制作工艺。设计典型应用IPMC俘能器件，探究外载形式对器件俘能的贡献。为柔性聚合物智能结构俘能的工程应用奠定理论和技术基础。

离子聚合物金属复合物（IPMC）对低频振源、离子溶液环境的能量收集具有特别优势，提升IPMC俘能效率将会极大地推进IPMC在生物、海洋环境中的微器件供能和传感方面的应用。项目围绕制约IPMC俘能的关键因素——离子富集率与传导率，提出采用静电纺丝技术制作IPMC基膜，通过研究纤维基膜特性，同时提升离子富集率和离子传导率。项目通过理论分析，研究IPMC基膜固液界面特性，探讨了纳米纤维基膜离子传导模型。设计搭建了纳米纤维电纺基膜的电纺成膜系统，探究了Nafion溶液的可纺性以及掺杂PEO的Nafion溶液的电纺沉积行为，研究了Nafion溶液的电纺工艺规律，确定了优化的溶液配比以及优化的启动电压、纺丝电压、供液速度、滚筒转速等电纺工艺参数。针对电纺基膜的特性及机电传导特性进行了研究，对比分析了纳米纤维基膜与商业Nafion基膜之间吸水率、离子交换律及离子电导率之间的差异。设计了纳米纤维基膜机电传导特性测试结构，并针对不同厚度的纤维基膜进行了机电传导特性的测试与分析，测得的开路电压接近100mv，同时还实验测试了不同载荷、电极、离子条件下的电学输出。设计并制备了3D弹性PDMS-Nafion器件，采用化学镀的方式制备了电极。详细研究了器件的制备工艺，基于NI仪器开发了能量收集的测试系统，进行了指压测试、正反接验证测试、激振器施压测试，获得了器件的电能输出规律，负载功率特性及功率密度。当负载的阻值为10kΩ时，测得平均功率密度最大为Pag=47.927μW/kg，比传统IPMC提高了约1-2个数量级。. 项目完成了预期的研究目标和成果指标。通过本项目的研究，获得了纳米纤维基膜的离子富集与传导规律，外力载荷作用下电学输出规律，提出了基于纳米纤维基膜IPMC俘能器的设计方法和制备技术，掌握了基于纳米纤维基膜的IPMC的机电换能规律及方法。为柔性聚合物智能材料的俘能工程应用奠定了理论和技术基础。