采油微生物代谢及产物对采收率影响研究

Supported by NSFC(Grant No: 59974014), this research project is with the aim to develop the key theory in microbial enhanced oil recovery(MEOR). In the project, a group of bacterial strains, thermophilic and facultatively anaerobic spore rod bacteria utilizing hydrocarbons as the sole carbon source, was isolated from the samples collected from production fluids of oil wells in an oilfield. By applying these strains, the biodegradation of crude oil and alteration of the wettability on quartz surface due to biosurfactants during bacterial growth were experimental analyzed; the behavior of bacterial growth and migration in porous media and effects of metabolic products on the enhancement of oil recovery were investigated by core flooding experiments. Based on experimental results, an empirical model to characterize the components ontributing to oil recovery has been developed, and the effect of bacterial in-situ growth is understood, which will be a directive principle to MEOR and a primary element for seeking novel bacterial species. The bacterial strains and the research results have been adopted by PetroChina in an oil field project at Dagang Oilfield.

实验研究以烃类为唯一碳源、嗜热、兼性厌氧微生物的代谢及代谢产物类型、组分和产量对原油性质、油水界面张力及固液界面性质的影响，以及微生物在多孔介质中运移和发酵规律，建立代谢产物对提高原油采收率贡献的模型。为新型菌种开发和地下发酵方式的微生物驱油方案设计提供理论依据；对我国高含水期油田的挖潜改造及稳产战略意义重大。