低质木材及“三剩物”高效利用的基础研究

The series of studies on the high-effective utilization of the materials as low-quality wood and Three-residue (the residues from wood cut, lumbered and processed) have been done. The compressive-moulding technology treated by high-temperature and high-pressure steam is used, and the technical scheme of compressive-moulding wood with high quality (the sections are square and hexad-angle shape) from the low-quality and small-diameter wood (aspen, fir, etc.) is obtained. The result shows that the gained compressive-moulding wood has relatively high mechanical intensity and surface hardness, reasonable density distribution style as well as high dimensional stability. Used the method of resin dipping and high-temperature agglomeration, the manufacturing process of novel carbon materials named wood-ceramics is studied, and the shrinkage rate and yield of wood-ceramics based on the raw material named medium density fiberboard are measured at the different treating consistencies and agglomeration temperature, and the rules are discovered. Used the modern analyzing and measuring means, the chemical change, specific surface area, hole volume, hole diameter distribution, apparent configuration as well as physical and mechanical properties of wood-ceramics are measured and analyzed. Used various types of lignocellulosics and the solicitation agent of free radicals as cerium nitrate, the organic monomers with unsaturated double bonds are grated and co-polymerized. Wood-based high water-absorbed materials are synthesized through N, N- methylene-bi-propylene acyl amine used as crossing agent. The synthesizing technical parameters of wood-based high water-absorbed materials such as the amounts of hydraulic groups, the amounts of crossing agents, temperature, time and so on are optimized, and the quantitative relationships of manufacturing factors and product performances are established partly. Furthermore, the basic theory and method of biological substance-polymer composite are studied with three-residues.

运用多学科交叉理论，采用专用设备及现代分析手段，在前期研究基础上，开展以低质木材和“三剩物”为原料，开发可生物降解新型复合、木质基高吸水性复合和木质基多孔性炭素材料，以木材物理处理法获得高附加值产品的基础研究，创生低质木材和“三剩物”高效利用的新方法、新技术、新工艺，为提高木材综合利用率，促进林业可持续发展提供科学依据。