车身非光滑表面气动减阻机理及其优化方法研究

Aerodynamic drag reduction of vehicle body are important ways to promote vehicle energy saving and environmental protection. Based on theory of drag reduction of non-smooth surface, the project propose a new method to reduce the air resistance by using non-smooth surface on vehicle body to control the boundary layer flow field for impact body external flow field. Combined theory research, numerical simulations, wind tunnel model tests with real car road tests, the project study the microscopic flow field structure and effect of drag reduction due to the form, dimension, distribution and arrangement of non-smooth structures on vehicle body under different wind speeds, and explore drag reduction mechanism of non-smooth surface flow/structure coupling. On the basis of these, the research job will explore the coupling effect and energy consumption of non-smooth surface, analysis the physical reasons of nonsmooth body gas to reduce aerodynamic drag, seek optimal aerodynamic characteristics of non-smooth surface and optimize methods, establish design guidelines of non-smooth surface, which a new idea is put forward for vehicle body aerodynamic drag reduction field. The project's research results will improve general theory of drag reduction of non-smooth surface, expand applications of drag reduction of non-smooth surface, and provide the academic and experimental foundation to the newer technology of drag reduction of non-smooth surface,have important academic significance and broad prospects and huge economic value.

降低车身空气阻力是促进车辆节能环保的重要途径。本项目从表面非光滑形态结构减阻这一全新的角度来研究车身气动减阻与空气动力特性优化问题，通过非光滑结构单元体对边界层流场的控制来影响车身外流场大尺度流动，采用理论研究、数值模拟、风洞模型试验与实车道路测试相结合的研究方法，分析不同结构非光滑单元体在不同速度、尺寸、布置位置、排列方式下的微观流场结构和气动特性，探索非光滑表面耦合效应和能耗规律，解析非光滑车身减少气动阻力的物理原因，建立车身非光滑表面的设计准则，寻求基于车身外形变化的气动特性最优非光滑单元体结构参数和优化方法，为车身气动减阻开拓新的思路。本项目的研究成果将完善表面非光滑结构减阻的一般理论，拓展表面非光滑结构减阻的应用领域，为非光滑减阻技术的工程化、实用化提供理论依据和试验基础，具有重要的学术意义、广阔的应用前景和巨大的经济价值。

将表面非光滑形态结构减阻思想应用于车身气动减阻中，通过理论研究、数值模拟、风洞试验以及实车试验研究了不同非光滑结构在不同速度、尺寸、布置位置、排列方式下的微观流场结构和减阻特点，分析了非光滑单元体对车辆气动特性的影响，解析了非光滑车身减少气动阻力的物理原因，建立了车身非光滑表面的设计准则和气动特性最优非光滑单元体结构参数优化方法。综合上述结果，本研究为车身气动减阻技术开拓新的思路，为非光滑形态减阻技术的工程化、实用化提供了理论依据和试验基础。项目资助发表SCI论文2篇，EI论文9篇，申请发明专利2项。培养博士研究生1名，硕士生8名。项目投入经费80万元，支出56.43964万元，各项支出基本与预算相符。剩余经费23.56036万元，剩余经费计划用于本项目研究后续支出。