基于新型电子传输层的高效稳定聚合物太阳电池研究

In order to realize the full promise of polymer solar cell technology for low cost and scalable renewable energy, it is important to develop solution processible charge-transporting materials that can efficiently extract charge carriers from the active layer to the electrodes and are compatible with multi-layer fabrication process. The conventional organic electron transport layer are rarely satisfied these requirements owing to their poor charge mobility or insulating property. It often requiresbeing deposit as ultrathin layers in working device which turns to hinder the development of large area, flexible and practical PSCs. In this proposal, we target to develop the new electron transporting layers (ETLs) through the systematic integration of multi-functions into new material system. We propose to create conductive, stable, and solvent resistant ETLs through addressing the challenges of three aspects: (1) developing solution-processible and efficient n-type materials; (2) doping or self-doping these novel n-type materials through AIET to achieve conductive organics; (3) introducing Aza cross-linkers to facilitate photo crosslinking of the conductive organics in order to form robust charge-transporting layers for multilayer integration. The charge extraction and energy alignment of ETL are simultaneously optimized due to enhanced conductivity and stability of new ETL, which is the key to afford high efficiency devices and long lifetime. These materials will be applied to photovoltaic applications to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs.

可溶液加工的电子传输层（ETL）是实现高效、低成本和大面积的聚合物太阳电池（PSC）技术的关键之一。ETL不但需要高效地从活性层选择性的提取载流子并传向电极，同时还需要可溶液涂布并兼容多层加工工艺。传统的有机界面材料由于电子传输能力较差（或为绝缘性）及仅适用于单一溶剂处理，制约了PSC的实用化发展。本研究旨在设计制备新型多功能聚合物电子传输材料，并将其作为电子传输层引入到PSC中提高器件的性能和稳定性。重点探索分子重组能与材料结构和迁移率之间的构效关系，研究基于阴离子引发的电子转移来掺杂或自掺杂制备能级可控的高导电性n型聚合物材料的方法，通过温和的光引发交联和掺杂剂来实现形貌稳定、可多层涂布并压印成形的高导电有机电子传输层，揭示电子传输层在器件中的工作机制，发展有效策略以减少界面与活性层的电荷复合以及提高从活性层到电极的电子提取效率，进一步推动并实现聚合物光伏器件能量转换效率新的突破。

可溶液加工的有机电荷传输层是实现高效，低成本和大面积的聚合物和钙钛矿太阳电池技术的关键之一。 电荷传输层不但需要高效地从活性层选择性的提取载流子并传向对应电极，同时还需要可溶液涂布并兼容多层加工工艺。传统的有机界面材料由于电子传输能力较差且仅适用于单一溶剂处理，制约了聚合物和钙钛矿太阳电池的效率及其实用化发展。通过本项目的实施，我们通过研究阐明有机分子结构/性质的相互影响关系，发展了一批新型可溶液加工的有机传输层材料，研究成果包括了可温和溶液制程、厚度变化对效率不敏感的电荷传输层分子，显著提升器件能量转换效率和稳定性，多次实现了报道当时的聚合物和钙钛矿太阳电池的效率世界纪录。相关工作发表学术论文22 篇，对于推动聚合物和钙钛矿太阳电池实用化发展具有重要意义，并取得具有一定国际影响力。