常绿阔叶林关键类群植物种群分化与空间遗传结构

Key groups of forest community play controlling roles in the formation of the community structure and community environment. Define their process of population differentiation and formation in local environment is the key to understanding community construction.Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest is widely distributed in the subtropical area of China accounting for about 90% of the world, and the key groups include the plants of Fagaceae, Lauraceae and Theaceae et al.This study plans to take the typical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Heishiding Nature reserve of Guangdong province as research objective, select several distributed key groups including Cyclobalanopsis chungii(Fagaceae), Castanopsis nigrescens(Fagaceae), Schima superba(Theaceae) and Eurya acuminatissima(Theaceae), based on existing 50 ha large permanent forest monitoring plots, and apply microsatellite marker method to carry out the following works:(1) Compare the differences in genetic diversity among subpopulations of the four species and discuss the population differentiation degree; (2) Compare the differences in spatial genetic structure among different subpopulations of same speices and discuss the influence of seed flow and pollen flow on the distribution pattern. (3) In the local scale, study the dynamic changes over time of the spatial genetic structure in the same species at seedlings levels,and discuss the action mechanism of local selection effect to the genetic pattern of the seedlings. The completion of the above study can not only provide theory basis for the recourse utilization and protection of the forests plants, and also may help to clarify the mechanism on community-level population spatial pattern formation.

森林群落中的关键类群对群落结构和群落环境的形成具有控制作用，明确其在局域环境下种群的分化及形成过程，是了解群落构建的关键。我国亚热带地区的常绿阔叶林面积约占全球的90％，关键植物类群包括壳斗科、樟科、山茶科等。本研究拟以广东黑石顶自然保护区的典型常绿阔叶林为研究对象,基于已建的50 ha大型固定监测森林样地,选择所分布的几种关键类群,包括壳斗科的福建青冈、黑叶椎及山茶科的木荷、尖叶毛柃，采用微卫星分子标记的方法开展下列工作：(1)比较四个植物种内亚种群遗传多样性差异，探讨种群分化程度；(2)比较种内不同亚种群空间遗传结构的差异，探讨种子流与花粉流对其分布格局的影响；(3)在局域尺度上，研究物种在不同环境下幼苗的遗传结构随时间的动态变化，探讨局域选择对幼苗遗传格局的作用机制。上述研究的完成，不仅能为森林植物的资源利用和保护提供理论依据，还有助于阐述群落水平种群空间格局的形成机制。

森林群落中的关键类群对群落结构和群落环境的形成具有控制作用,明确其在局域环境下种群的分化及形成过程,是了解群落构建的关键。我国亚热带地区的常绿阔叶林面积约占全球的 90%,关键植物类群包括壳斗科、山茶科等。本研究以广东黑石顶自然保护区的典型常绿阔叶林为研究对象,基于已建的 50 ha 大型固定监测森林样地,开展了下列工作:(1) 基于转录组测序结果，对山茶科尖叶毛柃、壳斗科福建青冈和鼠刺科鼠刺三种植物进行EST-SSR引物开发研究，分别设计和开发出14、16及18对引物用于遗传多样性分析；（2）根据遗传多样性结果，我们发现大样地内尖叶毛柃种群明显分化为两个亚种群，推测其种群遗传格局的形成与地形有关；（3）通过连续三年对木荷及鼠刺幼苗样方的调查研究，发现幼苗成活率与成树密度呈正相关，但有一定程度的年际波动规律；（4）我们在野外调查和采样中还发现并鉴定山茶科新物种1个。上述研究结果,不仅能为森林植物的资源利用和保护提供理论依据,还将有助于阐述群落水平种群空间格局的形成机制。