基于多源遥感数据的对流层内二氧化碳质量分层估算研究

As China has had the highest carbon dioxide concentration worldwide in recent years, the research of tropospheric carbon dioxide concentration has become a hotspot. While Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite was lauched in 2009, and multi-sources remote sensing data focus on different heights, the distribution of tropospheric carbon dioxide mass needs further study. Applicants have obtained tropospheric carbon dioxide concentration data and observations from global baseline sites. This project is to design and realize space estimation model of tropospheric carbon dioxide mass in different layers based on multi-source remote sensing data, using GIS, RS and special analysis techniques. The troposhpheric heights in different layers were obtained by using conversion model about pressure and height, after analyzing the pressure range of the troposphere that AIRS,SCIAMACHY and GOSAT have probed. Realizing space estimation model of tropospheric carbon dioxide mass in different layers, by analyzing the relationship between tropospheric carbon dioxide mass and tropospheric carbon dioxide concentration, pixel size, and height of different layers. We validate evaluates by mutual authenticating, and compare the lower tropospheric carbon dioxide mass with the carbon dioxide estimated based on ground statistic data. The project, thus revealing the distribution of tropospheric carbon dioxide in China. The project will provide innovative methods of the research on the distribution of tropospheric carbon dioxide, and it has important theoretical significance and practical value for greenhouse gas emissions, monitoting and reducing greehouse gases emissions.

目前我国的二氧化碳浓度较高，对流层中的二氧化碳分布研究已经成为热点，然而由于温室气体观测卫星发射较晚、且不同卫星关注对流层中高度不同等问题，对对流层中二氧化碳质量估算研究仍有待于进一步深入。申请者在前期已经获得对流层中的二氧化碳浓度数据和地面站点监测数据。本课题拟在GIS、RS、空间统计分析等技术支持下，构建对流层中二氧化碳质量分层估算模型：借鉴压强与高度换算模型，分析AIRS,SCIAMACHY和GOSAT数据探测的对流层中压强范围，获得对流层的分层高度；分析二氧化碳质量与像元面积、分层高度、二氧化碳浓度的关系，构建二氧化碳质量分层估算模型；研究三种遥感数据估算结果之间的对比精度，将对流层底层与地面排放估算结果进行比较，揭示我国对流层中二氧化碳质量空间分布格局及特征。本项目为深入研究对流层中的二氧化碳分布提供了新的研究方法，对于做好监测和减排温室气体具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。

根据研究计划本项目在GIS、RS、空间统计分析等技术支持下，借鉴压强与高度换算模型，分析二氧化碳质量与像元面积、对流层高度、二氧化碳浓度的关系，构建了二氧化碳质量估算模型。结果表明：二氧化碳质量在8月份的时候最大，在1月份的时候最小。二氧化碳的质量进入夏天的时候，逐渐变大，进入冬天的时候，逐渐变小。其变化趋势与对流层顶高度的变化相近。为进一步分析我国对流层中二氧化碳空间分布格局及特征，将我国划分为6个特征地理区域，各个地区2003年到2011年间二氧化碳浓度的变化率分别是：2.18ppm/year（东北），2.17ppm/year（北方），2.13ppm/year（西北），2.03ppm/year（东南），2.05ppm/year（中部），2.09ppm/year（西南）。总体来看北部地区二氧化碳浓度增长率高于南部地区。本项目资助下共发表了3篇与本项目紧密相关的SCI论文，其中包括一篇Ecology and Evolution, 一篇IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,一篇Atmospheric Environment。