外来玉米种质优良基因导入我国主要种质的全基因组选择

Slower dry down rate, stalk lodging, and longer growth period are important problem for development of Chinese maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Introgression of favorable alleles from exotic maize germplasm can broaden the narrow genetic base of available temperate germplasm. With the development of high throughput SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) markers and plant genomics, genomewide selection method began to be used in plant germplasm improvement. In the project, genomic SNP makers and phenotypes from the reference population will used to establish a statistics model, and then the marker effects and breeding values will be predicted by the model, taking the elite hybrid Zhengdan958 and a reference population Zheng 58×BS13 for examples. Based on the previous research, the study will explore and establish a rapid method for rapidly introgressing elite alleles from exotic germplasm into Chinese key germplasm. The results will provide a theoretical basis for future germplasm improvement and innovation.

玉米（Zea mays L.）杂交种籽粒脱水慢、倒伏、生育期偏长，是我国玉米育种亟需解决的问题。利用外来种质，实施种质改良是拓宽我国玉米种质基础的有效途径。随着植物基因组学的发展以及高通量SNP（Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms）标记的开发，使全基因组选择方法逐渐在植物种质改良中得以应用。本项目在现有研究基础上，以我国主栽品种郑单958为研究对象，外引美国玉米群体BS13为供体，配制参考群体郑58×BS13，通过全基因组多态性SNP标记和参考群体每个样本的表型数据建立数学统计模型，估计每个标记的遗传效应，据此预测后续育种群体中个体的育种值，施行全基因组选择优良后代，探索并建立快速将外来种质优良基因导入我国主要种质的技术体系。研究结果将为种质改良与创新提供理论依据。