基于DEM的黄土高原黄土地貌继承性研究

Loess Landform Inheritance represents the controlling effects of pre-Quaternary paleotopography on the deposition, erosion and accumulation process of loess dusts, which is centered on the study of the inherited relationship from the pre-Quaternary paleotopography to modern loess landform morphology in the Loess Plateau of China. The research of loess landform inheritance plays a key role in revealing the formation mechanism of loess landform, and also has been regarded as a focused study in the loess landform researches. In this research, the basic concepts, basic features, geographical meanings and influencing factors will be firstly systematic analyzed and discussed. And then, on a basis of multiple data sources including high-resolution DEMs, geological maps, drillings and geophysical detecting profiles, terrain models of pre-Quaternary topography before the loess deposition process evolved will be reconstructed in different scales. These paleotopographies with different scales will be integrated together and a feature-embed method will be proposed to reconstructed the integrated paleotopography. In addition, a dual-layer terrain model will be constructed with the combination of modern and underlying terrains. With the dual-layer terrain model, several indicators including elevation frequency, elevation XY scatter diagram, terrain profile, hypsometric integral, and slope aspect change etc., should be adopted to analyze the relationship between modern terrain and underlying terrain, and to achieve a new spatial variation understanding of the loess deposition process under the controlling effect of pre-Quaternary paleotopography. The study is an exploration and practice of geo-scientific problem solving based on the national basic geographic data and other related measured data, as well as GIS spatial analysis method. The entire research process makes us deeply realize that the breakthrough of research idea, method and data, can bring innovative understandings about formation mechanism and spatial variation pattern of loess landform in the Loess Plateau.

黄土地貌继承性主要指黄土高原第三纪下伏古地形对黄土粉尘在堆积、侵蚀、搬运等过程中的控制与影响作用，特别是指黄土地貌形态特征对第三纪古地形的承袭关系。黄土地貌继承性研究是揭示黄土地貌二百余万年来发育、演化机理的关键环节，也是黄土地貌研究的重要关注点。本课题首先拟系统分析黄土地貌继承性的概念模型。其次，以高精度DEM、地质图以及钻孔物探资料为依据，拟重建不同空间尺度的黄土堆积前原始地形面的数字高程模型，实现多尺度古地形模型的融合与特征嵌入，进而构建地表地下一体化的“双层地形模型”。并据此模型，构建量化表达黄土地貌继承性的指标体系，分析黄土地貌继承性空间分异特征，深化对黄土地貌继承性的成因机理、影响程度及区域差异性特征等问题的认识，并在黄土高原研究中取得具有创新性的研究成果。项目研究可望成为基于国家基础地理数据及其它相关实测数据，以及GIS空间分析方法研究深层次地学问题的一次探索与实践。

黄土地貌继承性的研究是揭示黄土地貌二百余万年来发育、演化机理的关键环节，也是黄土地貌研究的重要关注点。本研究针对黄土地貌继承性认识与表达的不足研究现状，系统阐述并完善了黄土地貌继承性的概念模型。其次，以DEM、地质图、现代钻孔物探雷达探测数据以及数字地形分析方法为基本数据源与分析方法，构建了黄土高原重点水土流失区双层地形模型。从宏观、中观以及微观不同尺度实现了黄土地貌下伏古地形的重建，并提出了基于双层地形模型进行黄土地貌继承性研究的新方法。再者，依据地表地下双层地形模型，本研究系统分析了黄土地貌在统计高程、剖面形态、地形因子上的继承性规律，论述了黄土地貌继承性在不同空间尺度、相同空间尺度不同地域的空间分异特征，深化了对黄土地貌发育过程及其空间分异规律的认识。该研究是基于国家基础地理数据及其它相关实测数据，以及GIS空间分析方法研究深层次地学问题的一次探索与实践。整个研究过程使我们深刻认识到，研究思路、方法、数据的突破，带来对于黄土高原成因机理与地貌形态空间分异格局创新的认识。此外，课题还拓展了基于下伏古地形的黄土沟谷发育不对称性、基于古城遗迹的黄土原始地形重建与现代侵蚀沟壑模拟、与基于空代时的黄土地貌演化等研究。在课题执行过程中，已发表科研论文21篇（其中课题负责人以第一作者/通讯作者发表SCI/SSCI检索论文11篇）；且课题负责人第一作者在SPRINGER出版黄土地貌继承性全英文专著1部《Loess Landform Inheritance: Modeling and Discovery》（即：黄土地貌继承性—建模与发现）；发明专利3项；参加国内外会议9次，参与培养博士生1名，硕士生2名。