About nearly half of the patients with heart failure have been identified with diastolic heart failure (DHF).Echocardiography is one of the noninvasive techniques that has been widely used in clinics for the assessment of left ventricular diastolic function. The usual echo index of the mitral inflow velocity (E/A) has provided useful information for determination of DHF. However, mitral flow has a high false positive rate because of multiple interrelated factors, including the heart rate, preload and afterload etc. Thus, to overcome these limitations of the mitral inflow parameters, other indices or diagnostic models are necessary to estimate the DHF. .The relaxation is a complex process of interaction by multi-factors. the single indicator does not accurately reflect the status of the whole left ventricular diastolic function.According to previous reports and our preliminary foundings, the echocardiography indices of left atrium and ventricular longitudinal strain were significantly changed in early period of DHF and have few effect by the heart rate,preload and afterload. Therefore, we speculate that the combination of the two indices would be capable to establish a new DHF diagnosis model, especially in special conditions such as rapid heart rate and increased load ect. .This study was performed to establish a new, early DHF diagnostic model by correlation, receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC)and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Firstly, two kinds of cainie heart failure models with different mechanism will be designed. Secondly, cardiac catheterization will be used to measure left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP) and the peak rates of LV decline rise (LV -dp/dtmax) as the "gold standard". The level of brain natriuretic peptide( BNP) was thought as a "dynamic criteria" to determine the DHF status. Thirdly, the indices of the left atrium and the ventricular longitudinal strain will be gatherd in the whole diastolic dysfunction period. Finally, we will compare the indices with gold standard, and make a multivariate Logistic regression analysis to establish the early DHF diagnostic model.
临床上有近一半的心衰患者存在着舒张性心衰(DHF)。既往主要采用超声指标二尖瓣血流频谱E/A比值进行诊断,但该指标易受如心率、前后负荷等诸多因素影响导致假阳性率较高,故仍迫切需要其他指标来协助诊断。由于舒张过程是一个复杂、多因素相互作用的过程,单一指标无法准确反映整个左室舒张功能状态,故根据文献及我们前期工作发现,左房指标及心室的长轴应变受心率或前后负荷影响小,并能从心房和心室两个层面综合反映舒张功能,且在舒张异常早期就有所改变。据此,我们推测两者联合应用将有望获得新的DHF诊断模型。本研究将采用两种不同机制建立犬的DHF模型,选择心导管所测左室压力及容积变化作为"金标准"、脑钠素BNP作为"动态标准",应用超声心动图采集左房及心室长轴应变等主要指标,最后将其与金标准进行相关性、受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)以及多因素Logistic回归分析来初步建立DHF早期诊断模型。
项目背景:左心室舒张功能不全已成为决定冠心病等许多疾病患者的远期生存率和预后的重要因素之一。多普勒超声心动图指标是目前临床常用的评估患者左心室舒张功能的无创指标,因其无法避免的超声束方向与心室壁运动方向之间夹角的影响,故对左心室舒张功能的评价存在一定的局限性。既往临床上常采用组织多普勒技术中E/ E'比值进行判断,但是此指标受到诸多因素影响,可能出现假阳性和假阴性是评价左心室早期舒张功能异常的敏感而特异的技术。超声中的二维斑点追踪成像没有角度依赖性,即在二维图像的基础上检测心肌的纵向、径向、圆周和扭转运动,可更全面、准确的评价心肌运动状况。. 主要研究结果:本研究主要采用快速起搏犬及缩窄犬腹主动脉建立舒张性心衰模型,应用二维应变对模型犬的舒张功能进行动态评价,并考虑到左房的影响,测量了左房的内径和容积指数。其中二维应变主要检测的指标包括舒张早期应变率(SRe)及舒张晚期应变率(SRa)及E/SRe比值等。在本课题的研究中,缩窄犬腹主动脉的模型失败,主要是因为造模时间太长,如果增加结扎程度,犬的死亡率又会大大提高。故该研究只采用快速起搏模型进行了研究。本研究发现在快速起搏心衰犬模型中,左心室舒张末压在未发生显著改变前,纵向的SRe指标在起搏后1天就显著减低,这在以前的研究中并未报道过。本研究采用的2D-STE的新指标如L-SRe 、E/L-SRe及R-SRe等与左心导管指标具有较好的相关性,并建立了相关预测模型,能够来预测快速右心室起搏模型犬的早期舒张功能不全,为研究左室舒张功能开辟了新的研究方向。此外,本研究还探讨二维及三维斑点追踪超声心动图在评估冠心病患者左心室舒张功能方面的临床应用价值。研究发现二维及三维斑点追踪超声心动图指标与左心导管测值LVEDP具有一定的相关性,能够用来预测左心室舒张功能不全。但与临床上常用的多普勒超声指标E/E'sep比值相比较,上述各项斑点追踪超声心动图指标在评估左心室射血分数正常的冠心病患者左心室舒张功能不全上并没有优越性。本课题组总结原因可能如下:首先,本研究纳入的冠心病患者中37(44%)曾经有心梗病史,由此非梗死区心肌过度运动产生的形变也许能削落附近梗死区域心肌降低的应变值影响。其次,本研究纳入的冠心病患者中,36(43%) 患有糖尿病,53(63%)患有高血压,这可能存在混杂因素对研究结果产生影响。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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