不同沙源对卫星探测信号及沙尘反演影响研究

Duststorm is a strong severe weather. It has an impact on environment and climate. Ground observations indicate that the extinction characteristics of different sources dust particles are obvious difference; the same as the signals of satellite sensors from visible to the thermal infrared wavebands. Based on the collected complex refractive indexes and the spectral distributions of different dust sources, especially the latest research results of Asian dust, this study analyzed the difference between spectral parameters from different dust sources particles and simulated its effect on satellite remote sensing signal. Sensitivity of multi-bands satellite observation to the different dust source parameters are been researched by comparison between simulated results and A-Train satellite observations over real duststorm case. Then response characteristic of satellite sensor signal to dust parameters is been analyzed at different bands and different spectral resolutions. The results could be used for optimizing dust retrieval strategies, such as retrieving the most sensitive dust parameters. This work is important to understand the radiative forcing effect caused by dust atmosphere at visible and infrared band over different dust-source, helpful in optimizing dust parameter retrieval algorithm, and providing a basis for our own instrument channel design for dust detection.

沙尘暴是一种强灾害性天气，对环境和气候产生影响。地基观测数据表明，不同沙源沙尘粒子的消光特性有显著差别，卫星探测器在可见光到热红外波段对不同沙源沙尘的观测信号明显不同。基于收集的不同源区沙尘粒子复折射指数和谱分布数据特别是亚洲地区沙尘参数的最新研究成果，分析各沙源粒子光谱参数方面的区别，在此基础上通过辐射传输模式，模拟不同沙源光谱特征对卫星遥感信号的影响。结合A-train系列卫星的观测实例，与沙尘大气辐射传输模拟结果进行对比，研究多谱段卫星观测辐射值对不同沙源光谱参数的敏感性，进而开展卫星遥感器在不同波段、不同光谱分辨率情况下对沙尘特征参数的响应特性分析，针对不同沙源优化卫星反演策略，即反演最敏感的沙尘参数。本项研究工作有助于系统研究不同源区沙尘大气在可见和红外波段的辐射强迫效应，优化沙尘参数反演算法，并为我国自主仪器的沙尘探测通道设计提供依据。

沙尘暴是一种强灾害性天气。卫星遥感因其在空间分辨率、时间分辨率和覆盖范围的优越性而成为沙尘暴监测和定量遥感的主要手段。沙尘大气的辐射效应由沙尘粒子成分及消光特性，谱分布，沙尘高度分布和载沙量等共同决定。本项目收集了4套有代表性的沙尘复折射指数数据，分别是OPAC，dust-like, Saharan dust和Asian dust，利用米散射模型和辐射传输模型对其光学和辐射特征进行模拟分析。基于A-train卫星系列多源观测方式获取的沙尘大气信息，建立质量控制和数据匹配方法，提取沙尘大气特征参数用于辐射传输模式模拟，通过分析模拟卫星观测与实际卫星观测之间的一致性，评估沙尘参数模型对真实沙尘大气的适用性以及卫星观测信号对沙尘参数的敏感性。研究成果可用于我国风云系列卫星同类仪器探测通道对沙尘大气的响应特征评估，也可用于对其他类型大气气溶胶粒子的卫星信号评估。