东亚偏蒴藓属的系统分类学研究

Ectropothecium Mitt., consisting of 256 accepted species in the world, is the second largest genus of the pleurocarpous mosses belonging to the Hypnaceae. With no clearly defined generic concept and the lack of reliable morphological features for species distinction, the genus is often regarded as an extremely difficult taxonomic group. Its systematic position within the family Hypnaceae and its relationships with closely related genera are unclear. There has never been a taxonomic revision for the genus. Molecular systematics of the genus is essentially missing. Many species names have never been revised since their inceptions and most of them were known only from the checklists. There are 21 species of Ectropothecium reported from East Asia. All the species in the region have never been verified and revised. The absence of taxonomic studies based on types has resulted in misunderstanding of numerous species across the region. The purposed project will study all species of Ectropothecium from China and Japanusing classic monographic methods based on morphology and using modern molecular methodology based on DNA sequencing data. The objectives of this project are to complete a taxonomic revision of all concerned taxa and re-circumscribe the species concept relied on materials across East Asia regions; to define the generic concepts and clarify the intergeneric relationships within the Hypnaceae; to determine the phylogenetic position and of the genus. The present research will make a significant contribution to a worldwide revision and phytogeographic study of the genus as well as of the family Hypnaceae as a whole.

偏蒴藓属(Ectropothecium)隶属于灰藓科，全世界有256种，是侧蒴藓类的第二大属。该属的概念很不明确，种类的区分缺乏可靠的形态特征，种的名称混乱，属的系统位置以及与灰藓科内其它属的关系模糊,是侧蒴藓类中分类非常困难的类群。该属目前的研究基本还停留在物种发表原始文献和地方名录中，缺乏专属的分类学修订和分子系统学研究。东亚地区偏蒴藓属有21种，由于缺乏对模式标本的研究，造成对很多种类的错误认识，急需修订。本项目将以经典分类学研究为基础，用分子系统学和生物地理学证据支持，重新评估和寻找稳定的形态分类性状，建立明确的属和种的概念，完成对中国和东亚地区偏蒴藓属的分类学修订，并对偏蒴藓属和科内其它属间关系进行探讨，明确该属在东亚地区的地理分布。为世界偏蒴藓属的修订和地理分布研究做出贡献。

偏蒴藓属（Ectropothecium Mitt.，1868）隶属于灰藓科（Hypnaceae)，是侧蒴藓类中第二大属。该属的概念很不明确，种类的区分缺乏可靠的形态特征，至今全世界有256种，模式种也是在建属以后才补充的。属的种的名称混乱，属的系统位置以及与灰藓科内其它属的关系模糊，缺乏对该属的分类修订，也是侧蒴藓类中分类非常困难的类群。偏蒴藓属的种类多分布在热带地区。东亚地区共报道了偏蒴藓属植物21种，其中有20种在中国有有分布记录，6种在日本有分布记录，日本分布的记录中有5种也在中国有分布记录。本项目对东亚偏蒴藓属进行了全面的分类研究和修订，主要研究结果如下：①收集和整理了偏蒴藓属文献资料，进行了标本的野外采集和收集和鉴定整理，借阅了偏蒴藓属大量的模式标本和普通标本，检视和研究了部分借阅的偏蒴藓属植物标本。② 找到偏蒴藓属新而稳定的特征，明确了该属的概念，并用分子手段验证了偏蒴藓属的概念的可靠性。③ 澄清了东亚地区偏蒴藓属的混乱，明确了东亚地区已分布的种类和其形态学特征。④ 进行了偏蒴藓属的分子系统发育分析，进一步明确了偏蒴藓属在灰藓科的分类地位及其与灰藓科内各属的关系。⑤ 弄清了东亚偏蒴藓属的地理分布特征，明确了该属在东亚地区的北部分布界线。本项目为世界范围内偏蒴藓植物乃至灰藓科的全面修订和地理分布研究打下坚实的基础。