近红外磁性纳米荧光探针的合成及其对重金属的检测、分离一体化研究

Techniques for detection and separation of environmental heavy metal is hot spots in the domain of chemistry. The method of detection and separation to heavy metal using fluorescent silica-based magnetic nanoparticles has attracted a wide spread attention. However, theose less than 600nm wavelength magnetic nanoparticles fluorescent probes have some disadvantages such as photobleaching and background interference. In this proposal, aiming at the above questions, our strategy is to realize the detection and separation of environmental heavy metal with the magnetic separation and the selective detection of a new multi-function near-infrared magnetic nanoparticle fluorescent probe. Hence, A series of novel multi-function near-infrared magnetic nanoparticles fluorescent probes will be assembled between boron-dipyrromethene and triearboeyanine with nano-sized magnetic Fe3O4 particles respectively. Through the optimization of the fluorophore and detection goups, the strong selective fluorescent compouds will be selected. Fluorescent compounds will been directly bound to surface of magnetic nanoparticles using chemical bonding methods, for preparing magnetic nanoparticles fluorescent probe with high dense recognition. After studying the infrared selectivity detection and separation to heavy metal ion, a near-infrared magnetic nanoparticles fluorescent probe library with infrared selectivity detection and separation to heavy metal ion will be builded. The techniques for detection and separation of environmental heavy metal will be developed,too. This study has important significance in detection and separation of environmental heavy metal.

环境重金属污染物监测和分离技术的研究已成为当今化整个学领域的热点。利用荧光染料标记的磁性纳米粒子，可实现对重金属的同时检测和分离，受到广泛关注。然而，现有的磁性纳米荧光探针激发波长小于600 nm，存在光漂白和背景干扰的缺点。针对以上问题，本项目拟设计合成四氧化三铁纳米粒子负载的氟硼二吡咯亚甲基类、三碳菁类新型多功能近红外磁性纳米荧光探针，并用于重金属的选择性近红外检测和磁分离，实现检测和分离一体化。重点对探针检测基团和荧光基团进行优化，筛选出对不同重金属具有选择性的近红外荧光物质；用化学键合的方法将荧光物质固定在磁性纳米粒子表面，制备具有高密度识别位点的近红外磁性纳米探针；研究其对重金属选择性近红外识别和磁分离性能，建立能对重金属选择性检测和分离的近红外荧光磁性纳米探针库，发展近红外磁性纳米荧光探针的重金属检测、分离一体化技术。该课题的研究对重金属的检测和治理具有重要的意义。

荧光检测法因其灵敏度高、操作简单等优点，广泛已经广泛应用于环境、生物体中物种检测。本项目主要围绕荧光探针开展研究，以4-硝基-苯并噁唑、罗丹明、1,8-萘酰胺等为荧光母体，分别制备了对汞离子、铜离子、乙酰胆碱响应的荧光探针，得到了满意的结果。具体内容如下：1、4-硝基-苯并噁唑衍生物具有较好的荧光性能和细胞渗透性。我们首次将4-硝基-苯并噁唑与能的噻唑连接起来，构建了一种新型的简单的具有高选择性和灵敏性的可用汞离子检测的荧光探针，并系统研究了探针对汞离子的识别情况，实现了对汞离子回复性检测和活细胞成像。2、罗丹明是一种通过自身的开环，可实现在可见光区对金属离子进行检测的一种荧光染料。因此，我们利用罗丹明这一种性质，引入水杨醛，设计合成了一种用于铜离子可视化检测的荧光探针。该探针能选择性的实现对铜离子的荧光响应，并成功用于河水和细胞铜离子的含量的测定。3、基于1,8-萘酰胺衍生物具有稳定性好，荧光量子产率高的优点，我们首次利用乙酰胆碱在乙酰胆碱酶作用下产生胆碱，再利用胆碱在胆碱酶的作用下产生双氧水氧化1,8-萘酰胺硼酸酯这一原理，实现对乙酰胆碱的检测。该探针能够高灵敏、高选择性的对乙酰胆碱的检测，并已成功用于血清的中乙酰胆碱的检测。