用于连续3D打印的仿生超低粘附光固化界面研究

Additive manufacturing based on UV-curing is one of the most promising methods to construct delicate structures at high speeds. Current 3D printing techniques are based on layer-by-layer printing method, which faces several problems, such as, low construction precisions, low printing speeds as well as unstable mechanical properties, etc. The intrinsic problem of current 3D printing technique is the interfacial adhesion that originated from in-situ curing of the liquid resin on the solid surface. Taking inspiration from the peristome surface of the pitcher plant, we, in this work, will design and prepare lubricant infused slippery as the polymerization interface to solve the challenge that faced in general curing interface. Slippery interface transfers the solid-solid adhesion during UV curing to solid-liquid-solid adhesion, which solves the problem of adhesion intrinsically. This bioinspired ultra-low adhesive interface is versatile and can significantly increase the 3D printing speed, precision and sample's mechanical property. This ultra-low adhesive interface is effective for continuous 3D printing and provides insights into the physical mechanisms in reducing vertical solid-solid interfacial adhesion. This study will provide theoretical and technological foundation for the development of low-cost, high-speed and high-precision 3D printing, and will provide a new idea for the development of lubrication, anti-adhesion fields.

基于紫外光固化的增材制造技术是高速构建精密三维结构的最有前景的方法之一。目前的光固化立体成型技术是通过逐层打印进行构建，但存在打印时间长、精度低以及样品 的力学性能不均一等问题。本项目提出，影响3D打印速度与精度的本质是树脂在原位固化过程中的固-固界面粘附问题。受自然界中猪笼草口沿处超润滑性能的启发，本项目拟通过仿生设计制备具有超润滑光固化界面，通过引入润 滑层将光固化过程中的固-固界面粘附转化为固-液-固界面粘附，从根本上解决打印过程中的 粘附难题，提高打印速度、打印精度以及样品力学性能。本项研究将为低成本、高速度、高精度3D打印提供理论和技术基础，并为润滑、抗粘附等领域研究提供新的研究思路，具有重要的科学意义和应用前景。

本项目主要进行低粘附3D打印及其应用的研究，针对传统逐层叠加的光固化3D打印技术限制了打印速度、精度和材料性质这一难题，从3D打印所涉及的固-固界面及其粘附的角度出发，提出利用仿生超润滑液体光固化界面替代传统的固体界面，消除了3D打印过程中树脂在光固化界面的粘附对打印速度和精度的影响，实现了高速、高精度的连续3D打印；进而通过优化固-液粘附提出了单墨滴3D打印策略，显著提高了3D打印的精度和稳定性，实现一滴成型和目前最高树脂利用效率；并成功搭建了3D打印原型设备，构筑了一系列传统工艺难以制造的3D结构；提出了三维结构操纵液体输运、分离和挥发的概念，拓展了开放微流体研究的方法，实现了3D结构对结晶位置的调控及其在高效海水淡化领域的应用。