Downregulation of global microRNA(miRNA) expression is discovered in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The pre-miRNA transportation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by XPO5 is a critical step for miRNA biogenesis. We have demonstrated that XPO5 is phosphorylated by ERK kinase, and subsequently recognized and isomerized by peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1, so that pre-miRNAs can not be transported and retain in the the nucleus, leading to the decreased expression of mature miRNA in HCC. Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are reversible processes, which are important for regulation of protein function. Based on our discoveries that XPO5 phosphorylation sites are Ser/Thr and the protein phosphatase PP2A can dephosphorylate XPO5, we hypothesize that PP2A regulates miRNA expression through dephosphorylation of XPO5. However,the detailed mechanism needs further investigation. In this study, we will clarify how PP2A regulates miRNA expression in HCC through its effect on XPO5 phosphorylation and its nucleo-to-cytoplasmic transport ability of pre-miRNAs by taking advantage of the following techniques, high-throughput sequencing of small RNAs, co-immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down assay, immunofluorescence, wound healing assay, Transwell cell migration and Matrigel invasion assay. Furthermore, we will explore the clinical significance of our discovery in HCC patient samples. Therefore, our research will provide experimental and theoretical basis for the treatment of liver cancer using PP2A as a novel therapeutic target.
miRNA在肝癌中异常表达,但其分子机制尚未阐明。由XPO5负责的pre-miRNA的核质转运是miRNA生物合成的一个关键步骤。我们前期研究表明,XPO5在肝癌中被ERK激酶磷酸化后,被脯氨酰顺反异构酶Pin1识别并使其蛋白构象发生改变,因此,XPO5不能有效转运pre-miRNAs,导致肝癌中成熟miRNA表达降低。蛋白磷酸化修饰是一个可逆的过程。基于我们发现蛋白磷酸酶PP2A可调控XPO5的磷酸化水平,我们推测PP2A通过XPO5调节miRNA表达,但其具体的分子机制有待研究。本项目拟采用高通量测序、免疫共沉淀、RNA pull-down分析、免疫荧光、细胞迁移和侵袭等方法,从体内外深入研究PP2A如何改变XPO5的磷酸化水平及其活性,调控miRNA的表达,进而影响肝癌细胞生物学特性的机制,并探索该发现在肝癌诊断和预测中的临床意义,为PP2A作为肝癌治疗新靶点提供实验依据和理论基础。
微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类重要的转录后调控分子,在肝癌中呈现普遍下调的趋势,与肝癌的发生发展密切相关。miRNA的生物合成受阻是其异常表达的重要原因之一,由XPO5蛋白负责的前体miRNA(precursor miRNA,pre-miRNA)核质转运是miRNA生物合成的关键步骤。我们的前期研究表明,XPO5在肝癌中被ERK激酶磷酸化,然后在肽基脯氨酰异构酶Pin1的作用下发生蛋白构象改变后,不能有效转运pre-miRNA,导致成熟miRNA表达降低。蛋白的磷酸化是由蛋白激酶和磷酸酶调控的可逆过程。基于我们鉴定的脯氨酸导向的丝/苏氨酸磷酸化位点,我们进一步发现丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶PP2A可特异性催化XPO5的去磷酸化。因此,我们提出了“PP2A通过影响XPO5蛋白磷酸化来调节miRNA表达”这一假说。. 本项目围绕“肝癌中PP2A介导的miRNA表达调控机制”开展研究,得到以下结果:1)通过对一系列PP2A调节亚基进行筛选,鉴定出调节亚基B55β负责XPO5的去磷酸化;2)在细胞水平和动物模型中,证实B55β在肝癌中发挥抑癌功能;3)揭示了B55β亚基通过介导XPO5的去磷酸化,使XPO5蛋白更多地分布于细胞质中,促进肝中重要抑癌miRNA表达的分子机制;4)证明B55β可通过调控这些miRNA表达来发挥抑癌功能。因此,我们的研究深化了对miRNA表达调控机制的科学认识,为肝癌的临床诊疗研究提供了新线索。. 本项目按计划开展研究工作,完成了各项既定目标,以四川大学为通讯单位在MedComm、Hepatology、Cell Death and Differentiation、Nucleic Acids Research、Trends in Cancer、Seminars in Cancer Biology等学术期刊发表论文8篇(均标注项目基金号81772960),其中2篇论文入选“ESI高被引论文”,还培养了2名博士生和1名硕士生。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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