珠三角地区港澳跨边界居住者“家”的建构和地域认同

With the context of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau integration, hundreds of Hong Kong and Macau residents buy or rent commodity housings and take residence in Pearl River Delta, Guangdong. The cross-border residential mobility has become a significant phenomenon. Shenzhen, Dongguan, Guangzhou, and Zhuhai have shaped Hong Kong and Macau community. By taking “home” and “border” as two theoretical perspectives, the project investigates mobility, home construction and place identity of those cross-border Hong Kong and Macau residents respectively. Though Hong Kong and Macau, the two special administrative regions, are based on very similar legal constructs and political framework, and they are undergoing similar transformations, they differ in historical backgrounds and physical environments. Therefore, its impacts of border and the process of integration with mainland China are completely distinct. The comparative study of Hong Kong and Macau has practical and academic significance. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research strategy would be applied in the project, such as GIS, discourse analysis, focus group, interview and survey. By empirically study Hong Kong and Macau people taking residence in mainland China, the project aims to shed light on the integrated development of Pearl River Delta region including Hong Kong and Macau, the bordering, rebordering and debordering process in particular, and the identity issues approaching from bottom up. The existing literatures of home and border study focus on transnational migration. Our case is unique due to the complicate historical and socio-cultural relations between HK & Macau and mainland China and frequent corporal border crossing. So the project would contribute to a better understanding of home and border theory. On the other hand, the integration between Hong Kong, Macau and Guangzhou province in mainland China is high on national agenda, and there has been academic and planning study on integration issue by looking at infrastructure, economic or administrative cooperation issues. The social-cultural dimension is largely missing. The project will fill this gap.

粤港澳一体化背景下，大量港澳居民选择在珠三角城市安家,跨边界的流动和居住俨然成为常态。课题拟对比香港和澳门与珠三角城市之间的跨边界居住流动，聚焦于“家”和“边界”这两个理论视角，采用定性和定量相结合的研究方法,探讨港澳跨边界居住的时空机制、家的构建以及地域认同。本项目以跨边界居住者为切入点，试图在更广泛的意义上探讨大珠三角区域的融合发展，尤其是“边界化”过程和地域认同促生的相关社会问题。理论上鉴于港澳跨边界居住流动与跨国移民或第二居所的差异特征，本课题有助于深化“家”和“边界”相关概念和理论以及相互关系的理解。粤港澳一体化是中央政府重要议事日程之一，过往工作多聚焦基础设施、经济或政府合作，对社会文化一体化关注不足。因此，本项目的开展还将为粤港澳的深度融合提供政策支持。

在全球流动不断加剧的背景下，跨地方的生活方式越来越普遍，跨边界居住流动也成为一种新兴的社会现象，对跨边界居住流动的研究将有助于深化理解区域化、边界和边界地区的理论和实践。近年来，随着港澳和内地一体化进程的不断推进，在广东珠三角地区，港澳跨边界居住也已经成为一个显著现象。他们频繁跨越边界，在边界两边均具有基于日常生活的经验和体验。这一群体在宏大的社会、经济、文化和政治背景下，如何构建、体验或改变自己的“家”？如何认知和叙述“边界”的体验和影响？他们如何理解身份和地域认同？课题基于对粤港澳跨境居住群体、不同类型的移民以及跨境区域的实证研究，收集了丰富的一手数据。首先，课题深度把握了粤港澳跨界居住群体的人口特征、跨境动机和空间流动性特征；其次探讨了流动性背景下边界和“家”的构建。研究发现边界制造了差异，反而成为频繁跨境的动机，跨境者将边界作为一种资源来调动。他们对实体边界并不反感，但边界仍附带有强烈的情感，跨界意味着到“家”了。流动性的增加，特别是那些与边界有密切接触的人，不一定带有强烈的归属感，也可能会引发新的他者化行为，但更重要的也加深了对边界双方的理解。频繁跨界的香港居民试图打破陈规定型的心理障碍，为香港与内地的社会文化融合发挥积极作用。课题对非志愿型移民群体的研究也表明移民在迁入地“家”的构建过程具有能动性，能够制定策略来克服与流动性相关的“摩擦”。最后，课题以跨境湿地生态系统为例，探讨了边界的影响机制。研究发现深港两地的跨境生态系统产生了空间上的冲突，法律是其背后重要的影响机制。课题从理论上深化了对“家”和“边界”互动关系的理解，实践层面为粤港澳大湾区建设提供了社会文化的视角，为面临的挑战提供了案例支撑，有助于深化理解实践中的经验、问题和困难。