基于污染防控的高密度产业集聚区低碳布局与风场设计耦合优化的数字技术方法

In order to alleviate the serious situation of industrial pollution in China, the project takes the high density Industrial Cluster of Beijing Tianjin and Hebei as research object. By using remote sensing image and mesoscale meteorological model, the diffusion mechanism of multi-source pollution under different terrain and wind climate conditions of typical agglomeration area is studied, as well as the technical methods for partitioning pollution risk, and the safety distance between pollution prevention and control of industrial and different types of functional areas is accurately mastered; Based on the combination of functional areas with different pollution tolerance and pollution exposure population, optimal layout model and spatial response strategies for different pollution loads are proposed; meanwhile, by using CFD and GIS software, pollutant diffusion and regulation effect under typical space form and wind field coupling effect are stimulated to determine the key parameters in complex terrain, composite wind field and multiscale numerical simulation, analyze the interaction mechanism of "wind field-pollutants- space form", and explore the planning countermeasures of pollution risk prevention and control ; what’s more, digital design method of wind field structure and spatial coupling optimization for pollution prevention and optimization for microclimate is also studied, and the empirical exploration on the design model of multi scale pollution control and wind environment in urban areas , neighborhoods and buildings is also conducted, the purpose is to construct the index system of air duct construction and anti-pollution spatial layout planning; at the last, in this paper, planning methods for practical application and reference are refined for Beijing Tianjin Hebei production integration and pollution prevention and control.

为缓解我国大气污染严重的状况，课题选取京津冀高密度产业集聚区作为研究对象，利用遥感影像和中尺度气象模型，研究典型的产业集聚区不同地形和风气候条件下的大气颗粒物扩散机理，研究划分污染风险分区的数字技术方法，精准把握工业与不同类型功能区之间污染防控的安全距离问题，结合不同的污染耐受度的功能区和污染暴露度的人群，提出应对不同污染负荷的低碳功能布局模式和空间响应策略；同时，利用CFD和GIS软件，模拟多尺度低碳空间形态和风场耦合作用下的污染物扩散及调控效果，确定复杂地形、复合风场和多尺度数值模拟中关键性参数，解析“风场-污染物-空间形态”的相互作用机理，探索低碳、低污的风险防控规划对策，研究基于污染防控空间布局与风场设计耦合优化的规划理论，进行城市片区、街区与建筑群多尺度控污风环境设计模式的实证探索，构建防污风道建设和低碳空间布局规划指标体系，为京津冀产城融合和污染防控奠定坚实的理论基础。

课题针对京津冀高密度产业集聚区大气污染状况严重的关键性科学问题，在典型空间环境与风气候交互影响下的污染物浓度时空分布及扩散机理的方面，从优化工业区空间形态、解析临港街区通风与空气污染扩散规律、提高高密度商业街区污染防控能力等角度出发，利用Fluent、AERMOD和PHOENICS模拟，对北辰区的工业区、典型临港街区、塘沽典型居住区、产业集聚区以及南京路商业街区进行分析，划定了污染风险分区和“产—城”距离安全红线，总结出了具有典型意义的风环境评价公式与设计模式语言，建立了基于空间优化的街区通风与污染防控的评价标准，确立了塘沽典型居住区“风—污环境”最优的空间布局形式与街区形态因子，提出了高密度商业街区空间建设及改造优化建议。. 在低碳、低污布局与风场设计协同优化的污染防控研究方面，解析了空气污染、控污风场与工业布局三者的相互作用关系，利用土地利用回归模型（LUR）、Fluent软件的RNGk－ε湍流模型和GIS空间耦合的方法，选取滨海新区、冀中南地区以及厦门市为对象，提出了基于污染评价及控污风场研究的工业布局优化策略，阐明了PM2.5暴露风险评价与工业布局优化的耦合关系。在高密度产业集聚区低碳、低污的空间布局与风场耦合优化的实证研究方面，对河北霸州省级工业园、定州工业区及天津武清工业园等产业集聚区的规划设计，进行了产城融合、污染防控的规划设计项目实践，提出了包括低污产业选址方法、低碳用地布局规划、低碳空间形态设计等多个产业空间布局策略，建立了产业集聚区“低污”评价指标体系，得出了物流产业聚集类、机械制造产业聚集类、高新技术产业聚集类三类产业聚集区的污染肌理特征，提出了以“低污”为目标的组团级“风谷”优化策略和以“低污”为目标的街区级“风溪”优化策略。课题撰写相关理论成果共22篇。其中核心期刊论文7篇、一般期刊论文6篇；在学术会议上发表文章1篇；通过答辩的硕士论文8篇；博士后出站报告1份；获得科研奖励3个；申请相关专利1个。