5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) can significantly promote anthocyanin accumulation in many species of fruits including apples. We have identified a transcription factor MdMADS1, which plays an important role in ALA-induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple skin. However, its underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. Based on our previous achievement, in this project, we plan to (1) investigate whether MdMADS1 can regulate the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and directly improve anthocyanin biosynthesis by using yeast one hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and dual-luciferase reporter system; (2) identify the interaction and the binding domain of MdMADS1 and MdMYB10, MdbHLH3, MdbHLH33 or MdTTG1 (MBW transcription factor) by yeast two hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation and biomolecular fluorescence complementation technology; (3) reveal the synergistic regulation of MdMADS1 and the MBW transcription factor on anthocyanin biosynthesis by gene overexpression and RNAi; (4) clarify the effect of ALA on the above function of MdMADS1 using pharmacological methods. This project aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism of direct and indirect regulation of MdMADS1 on ALA-induced anthocyanin accumulation, which will provide new insights into regulation of plant anthocyanin biosynthesis.
5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)显著促进苹果等多种果实花青苷积累。我们前期发现转录因子MdMADS1在ALA促进苹果花青苷积累中发挥重要作用,但其作用机制尚不清楚。本项目拟在前期研究基础上开展:(1)利用酵母单杂交、凝胶阻滞实验和双荧光素酶报告基因系统,研究MdMADS1对花青苷合成的直接调控作用;(2)利用酵母双杂交、免疫共沉淀实验和双分子荧光互补技术,从体内外检测MdMADS1与MdMYB10,MdbHLH3,MdbHLH33或MdTTG1(MBW类转录因子)的互作效应,并明确MdMADS1的作用区域;(3)采用基因过表达和RNA干扰技术,明确MdMADS1与MBW转录因子对苹果花青苷生物合成的协同调控作用;(4)利用药理学方法研究ALA对MdMADS1以上功能的影响,试图从直接调控和间接调控两个方面系统揭示MdMADS1调控ALA诱导的花青苷积累的分子机理,丰富发展植物花青苷合成调控理论。
5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)是一种天然的非蛋白质氨基酸,是叶绿素和血红素等卟啉化合物生物合成的关键前体,参与植物光合作用和呼吸作用。我们率先发现,ALA可以促进苹果着色。一定浓度外源ALA可以诱导与花青苷合成有关的结构基因(包括CHS、UFGT等)表达上调,也可以诱导MYB、bHLH以及WD40(即MBW转录因子复合体)基因表达上调。我们还发现,ALA诱导苹果花青苷合成依赖于MdMADS1转录因子,但后者又是如何调控苹果花青苷合成却未知。本项目以苹果果实、愈伤组织、叶片为材料,借助于Y1H、Y2H、BiFC、LUC和GUS等手段,证明ALA诱导的MdMADS1可以直接激活pMdCHS和pMdUFGT,诱导花青苷合成,但是,MdMADS1不与MBW转录因子复合体互作。通过酵母cDNA文库,我们筛选获得一个与MdMADS1互作的转录因子MdWRKY71。它能激活pMdMADS1,诱导后者基因表达上调。在苹果果实、愈伤组织细胞和叶片中,ALA能诱导两种转录因子以及结构基因上调表达,而干扰任意一个,则花青苷合成受抑;如果超表达其一,特别是其二,则极大促进花青苷合成。以上结果证明,ALA诱导苹果花青苷合成经由MdWRKY71-MdMADS1转录调控。我们还发现,ALA诱导苹果花青苷积累不仅影响合成,而且影响运输。ALA能够诱导乙烯信号相关转录因子MdERF78表达上调,后者直接调控F3H和ANS基因表达;MdERF78还能与MdMYB1蛋白质互作,调控DFR、UFGT和GSTF12基因表达,促进花青苷合成和运输。此外,ALA还能诱导MdMYB9/10基因表达,后者促进MdMATE8基因表达,促进花青苷从内质网向液泡中运输。因而,ALA通过多条途径影响花青苷合成、运输结构基因和转录因子基因表达,促进苹果中花青苷积累。这一结果可为ALA在提高果品品质上应用提供理论依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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