基于纳米催化发光动力学的多维光谱传感器研究

Gas sensors play an important role in detection of poisonous and harmful gases, and have been extensively applied in many fields related with national economy and people’s livelihood. In terms of practical application, to develop new identification method based on a single sensing unit and detection of the same kind of signals for facile discrimination many compounds from each other is an important direction of development of sensors. Cataluminescence (CTL) emitted on the surface of solid materials during a catalytic reaction is a very interesting phenomenon, and has been considered as a promising transduction principle for gas sensor. The CTL is a multi-step kinetic process, including diffusion, adsorption and desorption, reaction rate, luminescent intermediates, etc. So the obtained CTL spectra contain multidimensional characteristic information (wavelength, intensity, peak position, peak shape, life, etc.) for helpful discrimination of various compounds. On the basis of controllable synthesis of highly efficient nano catalysts, this application aims to develop a new molecular identification method through deeply studying the CTL kinetic process and multidimensional characteristic spectra. This method would use a single CTL sensing unit only to detect the CTL signals and adopts appropriate algorithm. The new molecular identification method could be used to discriminate and identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are expected to expand CTL’s use and to provide more effective methods for the gaseous components recognition and analysis.

气体传感器在检测有毒有害气体方面具有重要作用，在关系国计民生的众多领域都有广泛的应用。发展基于单个传感元件、测定同一类信号参数就能实现多种物质快速识别的传感方法是传感器发展的一个重要方向，具有重要的现实意义。催化发光是物质在固体催化剂表面发生催化反应时伴随的化学发光现象，作为一种很有发展前景的传感原理被引入气体传感器件的研制。因催化发光包含扩散、吸附、反应速率、发光中间体等多层面的动力学过程，产生的发光光谱含有多个维度（波长、光强、峰位、峰形、寿命等）的特征信息。本申请拟在可控合成开发筛选高效纳米催化剂基础上，深入研究催化发光反应的动力学特性，进一步挖掘其光谱富含的多维信息，结合适当的模式算法，发展新的基于单个传感单元、只需测定催化发光光谱就能实现多种物质快速识别的多维光谱传感器，并将之用于环境VOCs的检测；从而拓展催化发光传感器的应用范围，为实际气态组分的传感分析提供更多方法。

在本基金资助下，本项目围绕 “基于纳米催化发光动力学的多维光谱传感研究” 这一主题，积极探索纳米材料调控合成方法及其在传感分析中的应用，以构建灵敏、高效的VOCs分子识别传感分析方法。具体完成以下工作：（1）实现了所选Co3O4、非金属催化剂SiC、稀土掺杂的Y2O3、g-C3N4、NiO等一批具有优良催化发光性能的气体敏感材料在微纳米尺度的调控合成与筛选，建立了新的合成方法；（2）考察了VOCs气态分子在不同实验条件下的反应速率和发光效率，获得了CTL光谱；分别发展了具有高灵敏度、高选择性的气体传感器，以及基于单个传感单元、只测定CTL 信号就可对多种组分进行识别的分子识别方法。（3）此外，本课题也开展了介孔长余晖纳米材料的调控合成及其在小分子探针和生物成像方面的传感应用研究工作。这些研究拓展了纳米材料的应用范围，为VOCs气体分子识别提供了有效的传感分析手段。