冰层取心钻具表面防覆冰超疏水涂层及其耐久性

In the drilling technology of deep ice layer coring, it is urgent to improve the anti-icing and service durability of the coring drilling tools (cutting tools and bit bodies). But using traditional ethanol aqueous solution to dissolve ice debris and coating single PTFE coatings are not effective solution to the problem of ice formation on drilling tools. In this project, one-step spraying method is used to fabricate PTFE/SiO2 composite super-hydrophobic coatings with both low surface energy and micro-nano scale rough structure on the drilling tool, in order to effectively improve the anti-icing and service durability of drilling tool. The effects of spraying parameters and process conditions on the micro-nano rough structure of the coating surface and the interface bonding state between the coating and substrate will be studied. The influence mechanism of micro-nano particles with different scales on the hydrophobicity, anti-icing and tribological properties will be revealed. The relationship between surface composition and structure, hydrophobicity and anti-icing will be established. The research results will provide theoretical basis and technical support for solving the problem of ice formation on the coring drilling tools and ensuring the service durability of the surface modified coatings

深部冰层取心钻探技术中，迫切需要提高取心钻具(切削具和钻头体)的防覆冰性和服役耐久性，但是使用传统的乙醇水溶液溶解冰屑和涂覆单一的PTFE涂层不能有效解决钻具结冰问题。针对这一问题，本项目提出利用“一步喷涂法”在钻具表面制备出兼具低表面能和微纳尺度粗糙结构的PTFE/SiO2复合超疏水涂层，以有效提升钻具的防覆冰性和服役耐久性；研究喷涂工艺参数和工艺条件对涂层表面微-纳米粗糙结构和涂层-基体界面结合状态的影响规律；揭示不同尺度的微-纳米粒子对涂层疏水性、防覆冰性及摩擦学性能的影响机制；建立表面组分及结构、疏水性与防结冰性三者之间的内在关系。本项目体现了多学科的交叉融合，研究成果将为解决取心钻具表面的结冰问题和保证表面改性层的服役耐久性提供理论基础和技术支持。

本项目针对极地钻探用钻具如切削具和钻头体表面结冰问题，利用一步喷涂法对钻具进行表面改性，并深入揭示了PTFE基复合涂层的疏水性及摩擦学行为对钻具性能的影响机制。主要面向钻具表面PTFE基复合涂层的制备方法，不同尺度的粗糙结构对疏水性及耐磨性的影响规律，表面组分及结构、疏水性与防结冰性三者之间的内在关系规律展开了研究。结果表明PTFE基复合涂层具有优异的疏水性能，能够延长金属基体表面的结冰时间，降低表面冰晶粘附力。研究成果为解决极地钻探工况下钻具表面PTFE基复合涂层的防结冰性能及服役耐久性提供理论依据和技术支撑。