Cognitive dysfunction is a common but easily overlooked complication of central nervous system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sensitive and objective cognitive indicator will contribute to early diagnosis and early intervention. In recent years, to explore the brain imaging changes using multimodal magnetic resonance technology has been one of the research directions. However, few researches have focused on the patients without cognitive dysfunction. Our previous studies have demonstrated the hippocampal atrophy occurring in the early stage of T2DM. Further, enhanced hippocampal functional connectivity has been found using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, which occurs earlier than hippocampal atrophy and is correlated with Stroop interference effect. Therefore, we speculate that the enhancement of hippocampal function may be an early indicator of cognitive dysfunction. In this project, we will: (1) to explore the correlation between the enhancement of hippocampal functional connectivity and hippocampal glutamate concentration, using both magnetic resonance spectroscopy and pathological study; (2) to conduct a longitudinal study to test the enhancement of hippocampal functional connectivity as an early indicator of cognitive decline, using the non-invasive and repeatable magnetic resonance technology. This project will provide a valuable imaging indicator for the early diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction in T2DM and for the selection of drug targets in the future.
认知功能障碍是2型糖尿病(T2DM)常见却易忽视的中枢神经系统并发症,其早期诊断属于临床难题。运用可视化多模态磁共振成像研究认知功能障碍已取得突破,然而针对无明显认知功能障碍的早期T2DM患者的研究尚未见报道。申请人前期研究发现:早期T2DM患者中存在大脑海马区功能连接代偿性增强,其发生早于海马萎缩,并与临床认知评分(Stroop干扰效应)密切相关。故我们推测:海马区功能增强现象可能是认知功能障碍的早期指标,探索其背后的病理机制将有助于早期干预。基于前期研究,本项目计划:(1)结合磁共振波谱成像和动物模型病理学研究,探讨海马功能连接增强和兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸浓度的相关性;(2)通过已建立的T2DM患者队列,利用磁共振技术的无创性和可重复性,验证海马功能连接增强是认知功能下降的早期指标。本项目将为T2DM认知功能障碍的早诊断和未来药物靶点遴选提供具有转化价值的影像学指标。
认知功能障碍是2型糖尿病患者中常见、却易忽视的中枢神经系统并发症之一。随着中国2型糖尿病患者的年轻化和预期寿命的延长,轻度认知改变在工作年龄段患者中急剧增长,严重危害中青年人群的健康,影响社会生产力。故本项目在既往研究基础上,进一步阐明大脑海马区功能连接增强是2型糖尿病认知功能障碍的早期标志,并探索其背后的病理机制,为早期治疗干预靶点的遴选提供具有转化价值的影像学指标。. 本项目按预定的二项内容开展研究,并在项目执行期内,完成了预定任务。(1)明确糖尿病病程早期海马区功能连接增强与谷氨酸浓度增高相关。通过对糖尿病小鼠造模早期的连续脑片电生理发现,在造模第二周存在海马CA1区椎体神经元突触后神经元兴奋性增强。同时,体内微透析验证了突触间隙兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸浓度增高,而抑制性神经递质GABA无差异。(2)阐明海马区功能连接增强是临床认知功能改变的早期指标。通过临床队列研究,课题组验证了BOLD信号为基础的海马区的功能连接强度与临床认知转归密切相关,同时发现早期积极干预可逆转认知微损,故病程早期的海马功能连接增强有望成为临床干预的“窗口期”。此外,基于基线多模态磁共振数据,课题组还阐明了糖尿病病程早期,即使临床没有出现显著的认知功能障碍,常规头颅磁共振影像学已显示糖尿病患者的脑小血管疾病患病率和严重度均增加。进一步,糖尿病合并周围神经病变的患者,中枢感觉上传通路(脊髓丘脑束、内侧丘系及丘脑向皮层的辐射)白质微结构亦受损。这些基线数据说明,除了BOLD信号外,多模态磁共振技术提供了多维度的大脑结构和功能信息。. 通过本项目实施,我们阐明了多模态磁共振技术是糖尿病认知功能障碍早期诊断的良好技术,其中海马区功能连接增强有望成为干预的关键阶段,其背后的病理机制与海马CA1区突触间隙谷氨酸浓度的上升相关。以上结果已发表论著3篇,正在投稿论著1篇,依托项目建立了多模态磁共振电子数据库。故课题组超额完成了预期研究结果。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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