基于多智能体系统的孤岛微网分布式频率协调控制方法研究

The development of islanded microgirds has become a world consensus of energy planning, and will play an important role in the construction of smart grids in the future. The distributed cooperative frequency control is an important subject of islanded microgirds research. However, the numerous existent problems need to be solved urgently in the controller design. The existing control strategies are still hard to satisfyingly meet the need of practical applications, and the frequency regulation in a real-world environment is a new challenge for the present distributed control theory. For the special multi-agent systems like islanded microgirds, this proposal attempts to evolve the existing distributed cooperative control method, and study the analysis and design methods, which satisfy the needs of practical applications, for islanded microgirds distributed cooperative frequency control. First, by comprehensively considering the combined frequency regulation effects of distributed generations, energy storing devices and controllable loads in islanded microgrids, we will construct the distributed cooperative frequency control which satisfies the demand of plug-and-play and rapid response. Based on this, we will optimize the information networks topology and frequency regulation strategy in islanded microgrids. Finally, the influences in information networks, such as time-delay, packet loss, signal quantization and limited bandwidth, will be considered in the design of distributed cooperative frequency control strategy. We believe that through this study, it will develop the existing system of theories of distributed cooperative control in multi-agent systems, and serve as a theoretical underpinning for the construction of microgrids and smart grids in the future.

孤岛微网的发展已成为世界各国能源规划的共识，在未来智能电网建设中将发挥重要作用。然而，针对分布式频率调控这一孤岛微网研究中的重要课题仍有大量问题亟待解决，现有调频策略难以满足实际应用需求，同时现实环境下的调频问题给目前的分布式协调控制理论提出了新的挑战。本项目面向孤岛微网这一特殊的多智能体系统，发展现有的分布式协调控制理论，探讨适应于实际应用需求的孤岛微网分布式频率协调控制的分析与设计方法。首先，考虑孤岛微网分布式电源、储能装置及可控负荷等设备的综合调频效应，构建满足即插即用需求的分布式快速频率调控策略；在此基础上，针对微网信息网络拓扑结构及调频策略进行优化；最后，在前述研究基础上，考虑信息网络通信因素，研究在通信时滞、丢包、信号量化及带宽受限情况下的分布式频率调控策略设计方法。本项研究可望发展现有的多智能体系统分布式协调控制理论体系，并为未来微网及智能电网建设提供理论基础。

本项目针对运行于孤岛模式下微网分布式频率协调控制问题展开了研究。首先，考虑分布式电源、储能装置及可控负荷等设备的综合调频效应，分别设计了多光伏电源、逆变器及储能等设备的分布式频率及电压二次协调控制策略；进一步，研究了信息网络诱导约束下的孤岛微网分布式频率调控策略设计，重点探讨了在信息网络带宽受限下的分布式事件触发机制，及在此机制下的孤岛微网分布式调频调压策略及分布式经济调度设计问题；此外，还将本项目的相关理论方法延伸并运用到了基于非线性流形的多群组刚体系统分布式事件触发姿态协同控制中，为非线性空间S(1)上的孤岛微网分布式频率调控设计提供了一定的理论基础。最后，通过数值仿真对上述理论方法进行了有效性验证。基于上述工作，本项目发展了现有的多智能体系统分布式协调控制理论体系，并为未来微网及智能电网的建设提供了有益的探索。