新疆地区双语教育模式发展评价与构建：数学建模的解读

Whether to choose and decide to adopt bilingal education is the key problem which needs to be solved and critical factors of Xinjiang minority bilingual education.In the face of practicing “adjusting measures in local conditions”, there is always vagueness of stating and randomness of actual operation. How to estalish the model and how to make the experiment to science is the need for the stability and safety of Xinjiang and the need of security and economic development of China. It is also the need of development of bilingal deucational theory in the world..The research focus of this project is mainly on text modes of bilingal education and the modes in practice. It systematically destructs and evaluates the modes of bilingal education. With the methods of mathematical modeling and field investigation, this project has investigated and analyized eight schools of all types.It has done the research of the modes which are infective from the perspectives of macro-factors and micro-factors, which includes the goals of bilingal education; the features of social language, family language and the proportion between Han teachers and minority teachers. In addition, it has collected the data information of relevant effective factors so as to seek the quantitative relation between all factors and to establish the new modes of bilingual education.It has revealed scientific connotation and scentific rules of the modeling eslablishment and choice of “Adjusting measures in local conditions” which have forcefully and effectively guided and perfected Xinjiang bilingual education practice.

双语教育模式的确立与选择是新疆少数民族双语教育发展中亟待解决的根本问题与关键因素。面对实践中“因地制宜”总要求阐述的模糊性与实际操作的随意性，如何使模式的确立与选择由经验走向科学，既是新疆社会稳定与长治久安的需要，也是国家安全与经济发展的需要，还是世界双语教育理论发展的需要。.本课题以双语教育的文本模式与实践模式为研究对象，对现行双语教育实践模式评价方式进行系统解构与评估。运用数学建模与田野调查的技术手段和方法，调查与剖析8所涵盖各种类型的学校。研究影响模式的宏观因素与微观因素，包括双语教育目标、社会语言与家庭语言特点及教师民汉比例等。采集相关影响因素的数据资料，以便寻求各因素之间的数量关系，构建双语教育的新模式，以求揭示出模式确立与选择中“因地制宜”原则的科学内涵与科学规律，有力、有效地指导与完善新疆双语教育实践。

根据教育部、国家语委关于印发的《国家中长期语言文字事业改革和发展规划纲要（2012 -2020年）》，课题组在研究中，将重心从“双语教育模式”转向“国家通用语言言教育模式”的推进上。国家通用语言言文字教育的推进是新疆民族教育的重点也是难点。对于新疆的国家通用语言言文字教育推进而言，重点是在南疆，难点是在农村。在南疆语言环境缺乏，经济发展滞后的条件下，仍然出现了在国家通用语言言文字教育中获得良好成绩的学校。那么，这样的学校是如何推进国家通用语言言文字教育的？是如何适应当地环境并生长的？为什么同等条件下，能够获得良好的成绩？为了回答这些问题，本研究基于帕森斯行动系统的理论视角，通过对比较典型的南疆农村小学——B镇S小学的国家通用语言言文字教育进行个案考察，呈现南疆农村小学在当地经济发展滞后，语言环境缺乏等不利条件下的国家通用语言言文字教育的样貌。研究主旨在于解读南疆小学国家通用语言言文字教育在对环境适应中的运行机制，以探索个案学校是如何推进国家通用语言言文字教育的。