Whitmania pigra is the main raw animal of medicinal, which is one of the main raw meterials for a variety of proprietary Chinese medicine treatment of cardiovascular disease. The reproductive development habits of leech affect the efficiency of breeding significantly. However, there are not too many studies related to the mechanism of leech reproductive development. This research plans to study the reproductive development mechanism of leech by histology, biochemistry, molecular biology, proteomics and other methods. This research will ascertain the time in different stages of the leeches germ cell development by studying the structure of male and female gonad tissue structure, germ cell morphology and chromosome structure during the process of germ cell development of leech. Furthermore, it will study the influences of endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones on the germ cell development of leech to demonstrate the hormones mechanism of leech’s reproductive development. On the basis of the previous research, screen key differentially expressed proteins and protein modification and identify related functional protein through the proteomics technology, in order to explain proteomic mechanism during the reproductive development of leech. On the basis of the mechanism of hormones and proteins, the research will illustrate mechanism of reproductive development though the application of relevant biological analysis technology. This research will provide scientific basis for the regulation of reproductive development of W. pigra and provide a “synchronicity hermaphrodite” species for the establishment of model animals “germ cell development”.
蚂蟥Whitmania pigra为药材水蛭的基原动物,是治疗心血管疾病中成药的主要原料。蚂蟥的“生殖发育”习性显著影响其养殖效率。目前有关蚂蟥生殖发育机理的研究鲜见报道。本课题拟通过组织结构学、生物化学、分子生物学、蛋白质组学等方法,研究蚂蟥生殖发育过程中雌雄生殖腺组织结构、生殖细胞形态及染色体结构,明确蚂蟥生殖细胞发育各阶段时间,同时研究内外源性类固醇激素对蚂蟥生殖细胞发育的影响,揭示蚂蟥生殖发育激素作用机理;在上述研究基础上,运用蛋白质组学技术筛选蚂蟥生殖细胞发育关键差异蛋白和蛋白修饰位点,并对相关功能蛋白进行验证,阐明蚂蟥生殖发育蛋白作用机制;综合激素及蛋白作用机理,运用相关生物学分析技术,揭示蚂蟥生殖发育机理。本研究可为蚂蟥生殖发育和调控的研究提供基础资料,同时为“生殖细胞发育”模式动物的建立提供一种“同步性雌雄同体”物种。
蚂蟥精巢先于卵巢发育,越冬后同步成熟,其特殊的“生殖发育”习性显著影响其养殖和经济效益。主要研究成果如下:1)确定了蚂蟥生殖细胞发育各期时间;精巢发育分为增殖期 (1-3月龄)、生长期(4-5月龄)、休眠期(6-8月龄)、成熟期(9月龄)、排放期(10月龄)和退化期(11月龄)共6个时期;卵巢发育分为形成期(1-2月龄)、增殖期(3-4月龄)、生长期(5-8月龄)、成熟期(9月龄)、排放期(10月龄)、休止期(11月龄)共6个时期。2)明确了蚂蟥各发育时期激素的变化。内源性类固醇激素随性腺成熟呈逐渐上升、排放期后迅速下降趋势,内源雌酮、雌三醇、睾酮和孕酮含量均呈M型变化趋势,均在6月龄达最大值,9月龄最低,10~11月龄开始轻微上升,其中睾酮和孕酮另一个小峰值均出现在2月龄,而雌酮和雌三醇均出现在8月龄;1~4月龄睾酮和孕酮含量稍高于雌三醇,5月龄开始雌酮和雌三醇激素含量稍高于睾酮和孕酮。3)外源17β-E2浓度在10~25 ng·mL-1范围内明显促进蚂蟥雌性腺发育,大于25 ng·mL-1时,显著提高内源雌激素、降低雄激素含量;小于25 ng·mL-1时,能提高蚂蟥内源雄激素、雌激素含量。提高FOXL2、WNT4表达可显著促进蚂蟥卵巢的发育,降低精巢中SRY表达可抑制精巢的发育,上调蚂蟥FOXL2可调节芳香化酶CYP19α的表达,17β-HSD可调节蚂蟥内源雌雄激素比例,从而进一步调控蚂蟥雌雄性腺的发育。外源MT在0.1~150.0 ug·L-1范围内,蚂蟥内源性类固醇随外源MT浓度的升高呈先升高再降低趋势,内源性激素浓度和比值的变化可能是影响蚂蟥性腺发育的激素机理。外源MT通过提高FOXL2、WNT4、SRY、CYP19α、3β-HSD的表达促进蚂蟥精卵巢发育。4)蚂蟥性腺转录组和蛋白组的关联分析提示,磷酸肌醇代谢通路中的DAG-PKC与雄性腺发育相关、PI3K-AKT等信号通路与雌性腺发育相关。蚂蟥性腺中的蛋白激酶C(Wp-PKC)为经典PKC,Wp-PKC在蚂蟥性腺中的表达与生殖细胞的发育呈正相关,其中雄性腺中的表达显著高于雌性腺,Wp-PKC对蚂蟥性腺发育尤其雄性腺发育起了促进作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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