基于生态旅游开发控制湖沼型血吸虫病新模式的研究

Schistosomiasis is a disease that relied on natural environment. The prevalence and transmission of schistosomiasis are affected by the change of sourroundings. The launch of major works or tourism project may bring changes of ecological environments, and lead to increase of snail situation and prevalence of schistosomiasis, or cause the explosion of acute schistosomiasis. But that would be beneficial for ecological protection and schistosomiasis control by exactly guidance. The Applicant plans to investigate the current prevalent situation of schistosomiasis and ecological environment in the surrounding areas of the national wetland park of Poyang lake, to understand and master the potential impact of the wetland park project on the prevalence and spread of schistosomiasis. Analyzing and evaluating the risk of schistosomiasis transmission, to table a proposal for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis transmission, and improving economic and social benefits of the wetland park. By comparing and analyzing the prevalent situation and prevention measures between outside and inside of national wetland park, to offer a integrated strategy for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis, and build a new model of promoting schistosomiasis prevention and control by developing wetland park. To offer a sample of developing economic combined with schistosomiasis control in lake type schistosomiasis endemic areas in our country. Finally, schistosomiasis will be controlled or eliminated through ecotourism development. The fruits of this project will have important value for Wetland ecological protection and schistosomiasis prevention and control.

血吸虫病是一种自然环境性疾病，在血吸虫病流行地区开发建设大型工程或旅游项目可引起生态环境改变，导致钉螺扩散和疫情回升，也可能爆发急性血吸虫病感染，如引导得当将会对生态保护及血吸虫病控制有利。拟通过对鄱阳湖国家湿地公园内及周边区域血吸虫病现况进行研究，全面调查项目建设产生的环境变化，分析和评价该项目建设和运行可能导致的血吸虫病传播风险，提出预防和控制血吸虫病流行和传播的建议和对策。旨在控制与消除因湿地公园项目建设和运行导致钉螺扩散和血吸虫病的传播与流行，提高湿地公园的经济和社会效益。还将通过鄱阳湖湿地开发区与非开发区的对比分析，制定适合湖沼型血吸虫病生态综合防治策略，构建以生态旅游开发促血吸虫病控制的新模式，为我国湖沼型血吸虫病流行区经济发展和血吸虫病控制提供示范样板，最终通过生态旅游发展来控制乃至消除血吸虫病。此项目研究成果将对我国湿地生态保护及血吸虫病预防控制具有重要价值。

该项目运用多学科结合方法，通过对鄱阳湖国家湿地公园区域内及周边区域血吸虫病现况及生态环境进行调查和研究，了解和掌握湿地公园项目对血吸虫病流行和传播的潜在影响，分析和评价该项目建设和运行可能导致的血吸虫病传播风险，提出预防和控制血吸虫病流行和传播的建议和对策，在项目区采取了血吸虫病控制干预措施，通过人群血吸虫感染、耕牛血吸虫感染、水体感染性、钉螺等调查分析，结果显示湿地公园区血吸虫病传播各项指标均呈下降趋势。渔民积极上岸从事与旅游相关的行业，降低了感染血吸虫病的风险，增加了经济收入。.1. 通过对鄱阳湖国家湿地公园区域内及周边区域血吸虫病现况的现场流行病学调查及历史疫情资料的收集与分析，明确大型湿地公园建设带来的生态环境变化及后续对血吸虫病传播影响，阐明影响的关键因素，并采取了生态保护、血吸虫病控制等干预措施。.2. 分析居民经济社会状况，研究结果显示生态旅游产业的发展为当地居民经济增长的贡献较大，为居民减少血吸虫疫水接触创造了良好的环境，促进了当地血吸虫病控制进程。.3. 建立在此类地区防范血吸虫病感染风险和防治疫情扩散的监测、预警及防控措施，生态旅游与血吸虫病防治相互促进是湖沼型血吸虫病流行区经济发展和疾病防控的新模式。.