高速铁路车轮摩擦疲劳损伤机理及预防研究

With the rapid development of high-speed railway in China, the tribo-fatigue damage of high-speed wheel is becoming more and more serious. So, it has a significant influence on the operation safety of high-speed train and localization process of high-speed wheel material in China. This study focuses on the wear and tribo-fatigue damage behaviors of high-speed wheel by means of systemic simulating experiments of high-speed wheel/rail and theoretical modeling analysis, which is beneficial to reveal tribo-fatigue damage mechanism and evolution law of high-speed wheel. On the basis of experimental investigation, the interaction relationship between tribo-fatigue damage and wear of high-speed wheel is explored and clarified by establishing a numerical simulating model of wheel wear-fatigue damage. The evaluation system and experimental methods for evaluating tribo-fatigue damage characteristic of high-speed wheel will be proposed and established. The effect of friction modifiers on the tribo-fatigue damage behavior of high-speed wheel materials and the mechanism will be studied and explored. The tribo-fatigue damage mechanism and evolution law of high-speed wheel will be clarified under extreme temperature environment conditions. On the basis of research resutls, the tribo-fatigue damage graph of high-speed wheel will be established under different operating conditions. Furthermore,the effective measures will be put forward for preventing and alleviating the tribo-fatigue damage of high-speed wheel. The research results have important technical guidance and theoretical support for ensuring the safety operation and reliable service of high-speed railway wheel and accelerating the localization process of high-speed wheel materials in China.

随着我国高速铁路的快速发展，高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤变得越来越突出，严重影响我国高速列车的运行安全和高速车轮材料的国产化进程。项目通过系统高速轮轨模拟实验并结合理论建模分析，研究高速车轮磨损与摩擦疲劳损伤行为，揭示高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤的机理与规律，通过建立车轮磨损-疲劳损伤数值仿真模型并结合实验研究分析高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤与磨损之间的交互作用关系，研究建立高速车轮摩擦疲劳特性的评价体系和实验方法；研究介质对高速车轮材料摩擦疲劳损伤性能的影响与作用机理，阐明低温环境下高速车轮的摩擦疲劳损伤机制与演变规律，综合分析建立不同运行工况下高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤图；提出预防与减缓高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤的有效措施和方法。项目研究成果可为保障我国高速铁路车轮的安全运行、可靠服役及加速高速车轮材料国产化进程提供重要的技术指导和理论支撑。

随着我国高速铁路的快速发展，车轮疲劳损伤作为影响高速铁路安全可靠运营的最关键因素之一，成为亟需研究解决的一个关键科学技术问题。.项目针对我国高速铁路车轮服役行为这一影响安全的最关键因素，系统开展了高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤机理及预防措施研究。主要研究内容如下：(1)建立了轮轨摩擦疲劳试验评价技术方法，研究了高速车轮材料摩擦磨损特性与演变规律；(2)研究了运行参数对车轮服役行为的影响，阐明运行参数对滚动接触疲劳裂纹的影响规律；(3)基于大量试验微观分析结果，揭示了车轮材料摩擦疲劳损伤机理，构建了车轮材料摩擦疲劳损伤图与磨损图，建立了基于Tγ/A-磨损率磨损模型车轮磨耗仿真模型；(4)开展了低温环境下车轮材料磨损与损伤行为研究；(5)研究揭示了擦伤对滚动接触疲劳裂纹形成影响的机理；(6)研究了四种车轮材料与两种钢轨材料匹配时的磨损与损伤行为；(7)研究了激光离散淬火对轮轨材料磨损与接触疲劳寿命影响。.项目通过研究建立了评价高速车轮摩擦疲劳损伤的试验技术方法，阐明了滚动接触过程中材料微观组织演化规律及机制，揭示了车轮材料摩擦疲劳损伤机理，构建了干态下车轮材料摩擦疲劳损伤图及磨损图。部分项目研究成果已实现转化应用；研究成果为高速铁路车轮安全服役提供了重要的理论保障，也为加速我国高速车轮材料国产化进程并通过CRCC考核认证提供了重要的技术支撑。.项目研究发表论文43篇，其中SCI论文22篇、EI论文13篇；申请发明专利5项(授权2项)、授权实用新型专利3项；培养毕业博士生5名(校优秀博士论文1名)、硕士生8名(校优秀硕士论文8名)，3篇论文获优秀论文奖；研究人员参加国际学术会议6人次(会议报告5次)、国内学术会议12人次(邀请报告4次，分会报告7次)。.项目负责人刘启跃、第一主研王文健获2018年教育部自然科学一等奖(排名第5、2)；第一主研王文健荣获第十三届四川省青年科技奖、2017年西南交通大学唐立新优秀学者，2016年晋升研究员职称。