The effects of fine particle (PM2.5) on extra-cardiopulmonary diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been widely concerned in recent years. However, the biological mechanism is unclear yet. The effects of complicated sources and components of ambient PM2.5 on health need to be elucidated. The current study uses panel study to obsever the association between PM2.5 and its consitituents and the development of T2DM, and establish the exposure-response model. Meanwhile, the KKay mice are used to establish the T2DM model. The “Air Pollution Exposure System” is used to give the mice concentrated PM2.5 exposure to observe the effects of PM2.5 on the development of T2DM. Combining the epidemiological study with animal experiment, the project focuses on the immune and inflammatory response to explore the regulatory mechanism of NLRP3-related signaling pathway (NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β, IL-18) in PM2.5-induced T2DM. This project will provide scientific basis for protecting people’s health and finding the preventive and intervention target for PM2.5-induced T2DM.
大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)对除心、肺系统疾病之外的2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)的影响近年来受到广泛的关注,但其生物学机制尚不清楚。同时,大气PM2.5复杂的来源及组成成分特征在城市空气污染及健康危害中的作用也有待进一步阐明。本项目采用固定群组研究观察大气个体PM2.5暴露水平及其组成成分与T2DM发展的关系,建立暴露-效应模型,同时以KKAy小鼠建立T2DM动物模型,采用PM2.5动态吸入暴露装置观察PM2.5长期暴露对T2DM发展的影响。研究结合人群流行病学和动物实验研究,围绕免疫反应和炎症反应,探索NLRP3炎症小体信号通路(NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β,IL-18)调节机制在PM2.5及其组成成分促发T2DM发展中的作用。本研究可能为保护人群健康及探寻与PM2.5相关的T2DM预防和干预靶点提供科学依据。
大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)与2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)密切相关,但其生物学机制尚不清楚。本项目采用固定群组的人群流行病学研究及动物吸入暴露的毒理学研究发现,PM2.5暴露能加重T2DM的发生发展,主要与促发糖耐量异常、胰岛素抵抗、增加脂质代谢异常及炎症反应等风险因素有关。进一步探索其机制发现,PM2.5促发T2DM与NLRP3炎症小体信号通路(NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β,IL-18)激活介导的炎症反应有关,表现为与吸入过滤空气的小鼠相比,吸入浓缩PM2.5的小鼠血液中IL-1β和IL-18明显升高,脾脏巨噬细胞中NLRP3和caspase-1也明显激活,白色脂肪组织中NLRP3炎症小体相关蛋白NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β和IL-18也明显升高。相比于db/db小鼠,PM2.5暴露对野生型C57BL/6小鼠内NLRP3炎症小体的影响较小。进一步在患有T2DM的研究对象中探索其机制发现,PM2.5浓度每升高10 µg/m3, 使血液中TG、LDL-c、空腹血糖、HOMA-IR、HbA1c、IL-1β、IL-18、IL-6、TNF-α、C-肽水平分别增加6%、5%、2%、3%、6%、15%、4%、11%、7%、16%。同时,PM2.5浓度的升高能增加血液中NLRP3蛋白及mRNA表达。研究对象个体PM2.5暴露浓度高于我国空气质量标准时对T2DM的影响较低浓度暴露更为明显。PM2.5暴露对患有高血压、冠心病、吸烟人群的影响更大。采用NLRP3慢病毒干扰使NLRP3基因沉默后,PM2.5对研究对象单核细胞来源的巨噬细胞内IL-1β和IL-18影响降低。本项目结果表明NLRP3炎症小体在PM2.5促发T2DM发生发展中具有重要作用,研究可能为保护人群健康及探寻与PM2.5相关的T2DM预防和干预靶点提供科学依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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