界面诱导制备大面积超薄MOF膜研究

Metal-organic framework (MOF) has the advantages of such as large surface area, high porosity and easy to adjust structure, showing wide application prospects in the gas membrane separation field. Though ultra-thin and defect-free MOF membrane has excellent gas permeance and selectivity, the existing ultra-thin and defect-free MOF membrane is difficult to be large-area fabrication, mostly due to the difficult formation of large-area and defect-free single-crystal MOF and the difficult elimination of the crystal gap between different MOF particles. In this work, a novel idea for preparing large-area ultra-thin MOF membrane is proposed, detailed by introducing an anti-swelling and high permeance organic interface layer on the polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane, and then fabricating the large-area ultra-thin MOF membrane with the aid of organic interface layer by using interface induced-metal segregation. Main research contents of this work are including the construction of the anti-swelling and high permeance interface layer and the fabrication of large-area ultra-thin MOF membrane by using interface induced method. In this work, large-area ultra-thin and defect-free MOF membranes with the area larger than 100 cm2 and the thinnest selective separation layer less than 40 nm will be successfully prepared. The MOF membranes can be used to separate H2/CO2, H2/C3H8 and C3H6/C3H8 mixed gases, and promote the applications in the chemical separation processes.

金属-有机骨架（MOF)具有比表面积大、孔隙率高和结构易调节等优点，在气体膜分离领域应用前景广阔。超薄无缺陷MOF膜具有优异的气体渗透选择性能，但由于大面积无缺陷MOF单晶难以形成，且MOF颗粒之间的晶间隙难以消除，现有超薄无缺陷MOF膜难以实现大面积制备。本项目提出了一种制备大面积超薄无缺陷MOF膜的新思路：选择聚砜超滤膜为支撑体，引入有机界面层，通过界面诱导-金属表面偏析效应，借助抗溶胀、高渗透性有机界面层实现超薄MOF膜的大面积制备，主要研究内容为：抗溶胀、高渗透性界面层的构筑和界面诱导大面积超薄MOF膜的制备。本项目预期将实现膜面积≥100 cm2、最薄分离层厚度≤40 nm的大面积超薄无缺陷MOF膜的制备，并用于H2/CO2、H2/C3H8和C3H6/C3H8体系的高效分离，推动MOF膜在化工分离中的应用。

气体分离是我们日常生活和工业生产中不可或缺的一部分。金属-有机骨架（MOF)具有比表面积大、孔隙率高和结构易调节等优点，在气体膜分离领域应用前景广阔。超薄无缺陷MOF膜具有优异的气体渗透选择性能，但由于大面积无缺陷MOF单晶难以形成，且MOF颗粒之间的晶间隙难以消除，现有MOF膜难以实现大面积超薄制备。为突破上述瓶颈，本项目围绕大面积超薄MOF膜，首先研发出了抗溶胀、高渗透性PVA/PDMS聚合物界面层；然后开发出了一种界面诱导制膜新方法，制备出了超薄“低晶态MOF膜”等系列高性能气体分离膜，膜分离层厚度最薄可达30 nm；紧接着，研制出了多种面积约为2400 cm2的大面积纯MOF膜和混合基质膜，卷制了装填面积约为4800 cm2的工业规模小型卷式膜组件，进而推动了MOF膜的规模化制备和应用。本项目发表 SCI 收录论文 7 篇，其中，3篇论文影响因子高于10，申请国家发明专利5件，获授权国家发明专利5项，其中，两项专利实现了技术转让。培养硕士、博士研究生 5 名。