香根草对水体中扑草净的吸收和去除规律与机制研究

As a kind of three-nitrogen benzene herbicide, prometryn was widely used on kinds of crops against weeds and on aquaculture against phycophyta because the advantages of broad in weedicidal spectrum and long efficacy. However, prometryn is easy to pollute the environment and impacted directly and indirectly the human healty through food chain and bio-concentration, due to the stable chemical properties and undegradable feature. Prometryn is a kind of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals, therefore, the impact of prometryn on the ecological environment has aroused the attention of the countries all over the word. .Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.), as a kind of amphibious plant with strong stain resistance and strong environmental adaptability, was deeply researched on the removal of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, organo-chlorine pesticide as remediation plant. However, there was rarely reported on the removal and the mechanism of three-nitrogen benzene pesticide. This project will use the hydroponic greenhouse vetiver grass as materials, we promise to research on the following areas: firstly, the leading edge of acclimatization of vetiver grass and the potential purification on the removal of prometryn in aquatic media; Secondly, the dynamic uptake, transfer and removal rule of prometryn by vetiver grass and the influence factors; thirdly, the physiological response of vetiver grass on the prometryn pollution and the metabolic regulation mechanism. Through this research, we expect to provides the theoretical foundation for the phytoremediation on the removal of prometryn in hydroponic media, to provide the theoretical basis and practical guidance on the human health and the removal of pesticide pollution by the technique of constructed wetland.

扑草净作为三氮苯类除草剂，因杀草谱广、药效长等优点，被广泛运用于多种作物和水产养殖中，但由于其化学性质稳定，难降解等特点，易通过食物链和生物富集作用，影响环境人类健康。扑草净还是一种环境内分泌干扰物质，因此，其对生态环境的影响已引起世界各国的重视。.香根草作为一种耐污能力和适应能力很强的两栖植物，作为植物修复研究已经深入到重金属，多环芳烃、有机氯农药等污染修复方面，但对三氮苯类农药的吸收去除及其机制研究鲜有报道，本项目以温室水培香根草为研究对象，主要研究（1）香根草的适应优势及其对水体中扑草净的净化潜能；（2）香根草吸收、转移、去除水体中扑草净的动态变化规律与影响因素；（3）香根草对水体中扑草净污染作用的生理响应与代谢调节机制。通过本研究，期望为受扑草净污染水体的植物修复提供理论依据，为人类健康和人工湿地技术去除农药污染提供理论依据和实践指导。

扑草净作为三氮苯类除草剂，因杀草谱广、药效长等优点，被广泛运用于多种作物和水产养殖中，由于其化学性质稳定，难降解等特点，易通过食物链和生物富集作用其对生态环境的影响已引起世界各国的重视。香根草作为一种耐污能力和适应能力很强的两栖植物，在重金属，多环芳烃、有机氯农药等污染修复方面表现很强的优越性。本项目以农药扑草净为研究对象，选择香根草为修复植物，以温室模拟实验方法，首次建立了气相色谱-氮化学发光检测器法测定水体和香根草中扑草净提取和测定方法；研究了（1）香根草的适应优势及其对水体中扑草净的净化潜能；（2）香根草吸收、转移、去除水体中扑草净的动态变化规律与影响因素（3）香根草对水体中扑草净污染作用的生理响应与代谢调节机制。研究结果表明：（1）香根草、菖蒲、美人蕉、铜钱草均能通过根系吸收溶液中的扑草净，并转移到茎叶，从而促进溶液中扑草净的去除，然而，从去除效果和耐受性结合，香根草显著优于其他植物。（2）香根草和菖蒲搭配(2:1)对扑草净的去除效果显著高于其他搭配(1:1或1:2)，所有搭配均高于单作效果；（3）香根草对溶液中的扑草净的去除符合农药降解一级动力学方程（Ct = 1.8070e-0.0601t）。（4）种植铜钱草的溶液中，第30天，94%初始添加的扑草净被吸收去除。并鉴定出了植株和溶液中扑草净的代谢产物（5）氮素、腐殖酸对香根草对溶液中扑草净的吸收和转移有促进或抑制作用，去除效率还受扑草净初始浓度影响。（6）扑草净的去除机制为植物吸收、转移，代谢，还有根际分泌物改变溶液pH值，从而促进了扑草净的降解。这些结果，为水体和植物中三氮苯类农药的提取和测定提供技术参考，为人工湿地技术去除农药污染提供理论依据，为减少农业径流中农药带来的的非点源污染控制提供基础数据。本项目的完成，也使得我国在香根草的研究和开发利用方面及我国水环境污染修复方面的研究得到拓展和深入。对促进学科（环境科学、农药学、植物学）交叉融合、为我国越来越严重的农业径流污染及农药污染的环境治理提供重要的理论支撑。对人类健康和环境污染治理具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。