复杂地质条件下深埋长隧洞群施工仿真理论与应用研究

Under complicated geological condition, there are three challenging and urgent key scientific problems in the construction schedule plan and control of large-scale deep-buried long tunnels: the uncertainty of engineering geological condition, the complexity of construction process simulation modeling, and quantitative evaluation of construction schedule real-time control and risk. Aimed at these problems, based on the systematicness and complexity of deep-buried long tunnels construction process, construction simulation model was brought forward, coupling geology, ventilation, construction technology, transportation and etc. Then the distribution probability prediction method of geologic lithology and unfavorable geology, and ventilation process simulation were investigated. The construction process simulation, real-time control and risk evaluation theory and methods gathering the geological risk prediction and ventilation simulation were proposed. At the same time, virtual reality was used to visually analyze the construction process. All of these have provided multidisciplinary synthesis dynamic analysis theory and method for deep-buried long tunnels construction optimal layout, resource reasonable allocation, optimization of construction scheme and duration risk decision . This study has made up for the deficiency of predicting surrounding rock property in a single tunnel and analyzing singlely the impact of ventilation and geology to construction process in recent tunnels construction simulation researchs, and solved the application basic scientific issues in deep-buried long tunnels construction process simulation and optimization under complex complex geological condition. It is of theoretical significance and application value.

针对复杂地质条件下深埋长隧洞群施工进度计划与控制中存在的具有挑战性、亟需解决的关键科学问题：工程地质条件的不确定性问题、施工过程模拟建模的复杂性问题、施工进度实时控制及风险定量评价问题。本研究根据深埋长隧洞群施工过程的系统性和复杂性，建立综合考虑地质、通风、施工工艺、交通运输等众多因素的施工仿真模型；探讨地质岩性及不良地质分布概率预测方法，模拟施工通风过程，研究耦合地质风险预测-通风模拟的施工仿真与实时控制及风险评价理论与方法，并采用虚拟现实方法对施工过程进行可视化分析，可为深埋长隧洞群施工洞室优化布置、资源合理配置、施工协调组织及工期风险决策提供多学科综合的动态分析理论与方法。本研究弥补了目前隧洞施工仿真中只针对单一隧洞的围岩性质预测以及单独分析隧洞通风或地质对施工进度影响的不足，解决了复杂地质条件下深埋长隧洞群施工仿真与优化分析中存在的应用基础科学问题，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

本项目按照计划任务要求，通过努力完成了各项指标，取得了多项研究成果。针对深埋长距离隧洞群施工中存在的具有挑战性、亟需解决的关键科学问题，研究了复杂地质条件下深埋长隧洞施工仿真理论与方法。采用面向对象技术和NURBS技术，研究建立了深埋长隧洞群工程地质三维统一模型；针对长距离隧洞群施工地质条件复杂不确定性问题，提出了基于Markov链的岩性预测方法，解决了传统地质分析方法难以对地质信息进行量化的弊端；针对深埋长隧洞群结构复杂以及各洞室相互贯通而导致的通风排尘困难问题，研究了深埋长隧洞群施工通风气固两相流数值模拟方法；针对长距离引水隧洞群施工系统的特征和影响因素，开展了长距离引水隧洞群施工全过程仿真理论与方法的研究，建立了长距离引水隧洞群施工全过程仿真模型，提出了长距离引水隧洞群施工进度控制与调整的方法，建立了施工进度预警模型和施工进度调整体系，为长距离引水隧洞群施工仿真与实时控制提供理论基础。针对某水电站长距离引水隧洞群工程实际情况，研制开发了长距离引水隧洞群施工全过程仿真与控制系统，该系统能够较好地适应工程实际应用的要求，实现了长距离引水隧洞群施工全过程仿真与进度的实时控制，建立了考虑岩性不确定性和工序施工历时随机性的隧洞开挖施工仿真模型，并结合蒙特卡罗法对工期风险和完工概率进行了统计分析，为长距离引水隧洞群施工进度分析与控制提供了全面的决策平台。发表学术论文6篇，其中EI收录4篇。