基于狭缝装置的机械消泡研究

Foam control (defoaming) is urgently needed in various fields to overcome the serious foam problem, while the defoaming research is still under the state of “try and error” as s result of the unknown dynamic stability of foam. Hence, in this study, the dynamic stability of foam will be thoroughly studied by the stirring experiments, and these results will be used for the mechanism study of mechanical defoaming and optimizing the defoaming efficiency. Moreover, a slit equipment is firstly used as a novel foam breaker in this study, and its defoaming mechanism will be thoroughly studied. After that, the structure as well as the treating performance of this novel foam breaker will be both optimized based on the defoaming mechanism and foam properties in terms of foam formation ability and dynamic stability. Finally, the defoaming efficiency of this novel slit foam breaker will be further confirmed on the fermentation of rhamnolipid. This study is aim to compensate the weakness of the foam stability study, and provide a new idea for exploring the new mechanical defoaming approaches.

泡沫问题广泛存在于众多工业领域中，快速消泡已成为相关领域急需解决的重大难题之一，而泡沫动态稳定性评价的缺失也导致消泡研究长期停留于“实验和试验”的水平。基于此，本项目拟首次采用剪切实验研究泡沫耐受剪切作用力的能力，以此表征泡沫的动态稳定性，并将其指导机械消泡的作用机理解析及消泡性能优化。此外，本项目采用全新的狭缝消泡器用于泡沫控制，通过解析其作用机理，并结合影响泡沫的产生及其稳定性的主要因素，对其结构及处理性能进行进一步的优化，并将新型狭缝消泡器在泡沫问题异常严峻的鼠李糖脂发酵过程中进行验证。本项目将有助于弥补泡沫稳定性研究领域长期以来的不足，还并为探索新型机械消泡方式提供新的思路。

泡沫问题广泛存在于生物发酵过程中，传统的机械或化学消泡方式存在消泡效率低、影响发酵效率等问题。本项目研究了生物表面活性剂发酵过程中的严重泡沫问题的主要影响因素，对泡沫稳定性进行了系统的解析；构建了新型高效的狭缝消泡器，通过解析其作用机制，优化并放大了该狭缝消泡器。然后，采用新型高效的狭缝消泡器对鼠李糖脂泡沫进行控制，并在小试和中试规模的发酵过程中进行了验证性应用。本项目构建的狭缝消泡器具有消泡效率高、结构简单、不影响发酵等优点，很好地解决了生物表面活性剂发酵过程中的严重泡沫问题，也为更广泛的机械消泡研究提供新的思路，具有十分重要的科学意义和应用价值。