结合骨组织微观结构和力学属性预测椎体骨骼表观强度的基础研究

The recession of bone apparent strength resulting from osteoporosis is the leading cause of vertebral body compressive fracture in the elderly. The deterioration of bone micro-structure and micro-mechanics are the dominate factors of apparent strength recession. Currently, however, there is few method can accurately evaluate the apparent strength of the bone tissue. The objective of this study is to establish the model can accurately evaluate the apparent strength of the bone tissue and provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of osteoporotic fracture. We have performed research about the bone tissue and found: 1. Several factors can influence the measuring of bone micro architecture; 2. The micro biomechanics of bone tissue changes with duration of osteoporosis. 3. The mathematic model and micro finite element modes are the effective methods of prediction of mechanical properties of biological tissue. Based on the previous studies, we proposed a new method which can predict the bone apparent strength based on the micro architecture and mechanics of bone tissue. In this study, the bone specimens of human vertebral body was collected and prepared. A series of test methods were implemented, including the micro-CT scanning and analysis, nano-indentation testing, biomechanical testing, micro finite element modeling and mathematical modeling. Then, The mathematical model and micro-finite element model for predicting the bone apparent strength was established. After the models were established, a calibration bone specimen was used to validate the mathematical model and micro-finite element model. The model can provide a theoretical basis for predicting osteoporosis related compressive fractures and provide a research basis for further clinical prediction of osteoporosis related compressive fractures.

骨质疏松导致的骨骼表观强度降低是老年人椎体压缩骨折的主要原因。骨组织微观结构破坏和微观生物力学改变是骨骼表观强度降低的主要因素。然而,目前尚没有一种方法能够准确评价骨骼的表观强度。本项目旨在建立一种可以预测骨骼表观强度的模型,为骨质疏松性压缩骨折的预测提供理论依据。我们前期研究: ①阐明了影响骨组织微观结构测量的因素;②探讨了骨组织微观生物力学的变化趋势;③证实了数学模型和显微有限元模型是预测生物组织力学属性的有效方法。在前期研究的基础上,本项目提出"结合骨组织微观结构形式和微观生物力学预测骨骼表观强度"的新理念。通过采集人体椎体标本，应用显微CT扫描、纳米压痕试验、生物力学测试、数学建模和显微有限元方法，结合骨组织微观结构和微观生物力学，建立和验证预测骨骼表观强度的数学模型和显微有限元模型。该模型可阐明多因素对于骨骼表观强度的定量影响，为进一步临床预测骨质疏松性压缩骨折提供理论依据。

骨质疏松导致的骨骼表观强度降低是老年人椎体压缩骨折的主要原因。骨组织微观结构破坏和微观生物力学改变是骨骼表观强度降低的主要因素。然而,目前尚没有一种方法能够准确评价骨骼的表观强度。本项目旨在建立一种可以预测骨骼表观强度的模型,为骨质疏松性压缩骨折的预测提供理论依据。我们前期研究: ①阐明了影响骨组织微观结构测量的因素;②探讨了骨组织微观生物力学的变化趋势;③证实了数学模型和显微有限元模型是预测生物组织力学属性的有效方法。在本项目中, 我们提出“结合骨组织微观结构形式和微观生物力学预测骨骼表观强度”的新理念。通过采集人体椎体标本，应用显微CT扫描、纳米压痕试验、生物力学测试、数学建模和显微有限元方法，结合骨组织微观结构和微观生物力学，建立和验证预测骨骼表观强度的数学模型和显微有限元模型。该模型可阐明多因素对于骨骼表观强度的定量影响，为进一步临床预测骨质疏松性压缩骨折提供理论依据。本课题首次提出“结合骨组织微观生物力学和微观结构形式两方面预测骨骼表观生物力学属性”这一全新概念，并建立结合骨组织微观生物力学和微观结构形式的数学模型，以预测骨骼表观生物力学属性。同时基于实验研究结果，建立骨组织的显微有限元模型，该模型可以仿真计算骨骼对不同外部载荷的力学响应。本研究“结合骨组织微观生物力学和微观结构形式两方面”建立的数学模型和显微有限元模型，可准确预测骨骼表观力学参数。为骨质疏松性骨折的预测提供准确、快速、无创的新型诊断方法。